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中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 279-284.

所属专题: 耕地保护

• 畜牧 动物医学 蚕 蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于土地氮磷承载力的区域畜禽养殖总量控制研究

王奇 陈海丹 王会   

  • 收稿日期:2010-10-18 修回日期:2010-11-11 出版日期:2011-02-05 发布日期:2011-02-05
  • 基金资助:

    国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目“沿湖地区农业面源污染阻控关键技术研究”

A Study on the Total Quantity Control of Regional Livestock Rising: based on the N/P Capacity of Land

  • Received:2010-10-18 Revised:2010-11-11 Online:2011-02-05 Published:2011-02-05

摘要:

畜禽粪便已经对我国的水环境形成了巨大的污染威胁。针对某一区域的畜禽粪便污染,基于从源头减少畜禽粪便产生较为困难、现有处理技术对畜禽粪便氮磷去除效果有限、畜禽粪便或者其处理剩余物难以长距离转移、土地对氮磷的承载力有限等基本条件,从理论上提出了区域畜禽养殖应进行总量控制的基本思路。基于耕地面积对我国及各省畜禽养殖的允许总量进行了初步估算,并与实际总量进行了比较分析。结果表明:2007年,以氮素为基准,全国畜禽养殖允许总量为25.03亿头猪当量,总量使用率为64.39%;以磷素为基准,全国畜禽养殖允许总量为13.68亿头猪当量,总量使用率为100.20%。分省来看,以氮素和磷素为基准,分别有5个和17个省份的实际总量超过其允许总量。因此,从畜禽粪便污染控制角度来看,对部分省份以及重点区域进行畜禽养殖总量控制非常紧迫。

关键词: 杨树, 杨树, 黑斑病菌, 超微结构变化

Abstract:

Livestock feces have become a huge threat to China's water quality. Based on four conditions, the difficulty to reduce the feces emission by livestock, the limit effect on N/P removal of the current manure treatment technologies, the high cost to transport the feces, and the limit N/P capacity of the land, the total quantity control of regional livestock rising was proposed theoretically. Then, the permitted amounts of livestock in China and the provinces were calculated according to the arable land, and compared with the actual amounts. It was shown that, in 2007, based on N (P), the permitted amount of livestock in China was 2.50 (6.44) billion standard pigs which was used by 64.39% (100.20%) and there were 5 (17) provinces where the actual amounts were over the permitted amounts. It was concluded that it was urgent to control the amount of rising livestock in some provinces and special areas.

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