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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 55-59.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-2078

所属专题： 玉米； 农业气象

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同生育期干旱对南方春玉米生长发育及水分利用效率的影响

南纪琴 刘战东 肖俊夫 张彦   

  • 收稿日期:2011-07-18 修回日期:2011-09-24 出版日期:2012-01-25 发布日期:2012-01-25

Influence of Different Growth Stages of Drought on South Spring Maize Growth and Water Consumption

  • Received:2011-07-18 Revised:2011-09-24 Online:2012-01-25 Published:2012-01-25

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摘要：

为了研究不同生育期干旱对南方春玉米的生长发育、土壤水分、产量及水分利用效率的影响，在防雨棚下的测坑中进行试验，设计了6个处理，春玉米需水关键期设计了3个水平，分析南方春玉米的生长发育、土壤水分、产量及水分利用效率规律。结果表明：拔节期轻旱对春玉米的株高和叶面积影响最大；灌浆期轻旱对春玉米的产量及产量性状影响最大；高水分处理的耗水总量最大，低水分处理的耗水总量最小；耗水量为464.6 mm时，最高产量为6795 kg/hm2；拔节期轻旱的水分利用效率最高。建议在南方春玉米不同生育期应采用适宜的灌水方式，可达到节水和高产的双重效果。

关键词: 植物多样性, 植物多样性, 林窗, 辽东栎林, 子午岭

Abstract:

Under the condition of mobile rain-proof shelter, controlling six treatments and three levels processing in the critical period of spring corn, a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of irrigation at different growth stages on south spring maize growth, soil moisture, yield and water use efficiency. The results showed that: the jointing stage of light drought had the most important influence on spring maize growth and leaf area, filling stage of light drought had the most important influence on corn yield, high water treatment was maximum consumption, low water treatment was minimum consumption. Water consumption was 464.6 mm, the maximum yield was 6795 kg/hm2, water use efficiency was the highest at jointing stage of light drought treatment. In conclusion, in order to achieve the purpose of water-saving and high yield, the soil moisture was controlled at the 60% of field capacity, which was recommended for spring maize in south.