水稻田土壤N2O和CO2排放日变化规律及最佳观测时间的确定

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0437

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 146-150.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0437

所属专题：水稻

水稻田土壤N₂O和CO₂排放日变化规律及最佳观测时间的确定

朱金霞张源沛郑国保孔德杰

收稿日期:2013-02-19 修回日期:2013-03-11 出版日期:2014-01-25 发布日期:2014-01-25
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区科技攻关国际合作项目 “宁夏地区不同施氮量对水稻生产及田间温室气体排放的影响研究” (KGX-04-08-02)。

The Diurnal Variation of the Emission of N₂O and CO₂, and the Best Observation Time in Paddy Field

Received:2013-02-19 Revised:2013-03-11 Online:2014-01-25 Published:2014-01-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用静态箱（暗箱）-气相色谱法，对水稻田土壤中温室气体的排放进行了连续观测，以探索水稻田土壤N₂O和CO₂排放日变化规律，确定最佳观测时间。结果表明：氮肥的施用对N₂O和CO₂的排放具有显著的促进作用，各处理水稻田土壤N₂O排放日变化规律有明显差异，而CO₂排放的日变化规律差异不显著。在整个观测时期内(120 h)，对照处理水稻田土壤N₂O的排放变化不大，且排放通量较低。施氮处理在施肥前24 h和施肥后24 h N₂O的排放通量变化不明显，而在施氮肥后48~96 h内排放通量增大较显著，在96~120 h内，N₂O的排放逐渐减少。各处理水稻田土壤CO₂排放的日变化规律较相似，在施氮肥前，各处理水稻田土壤CO₂排放无显著差异。在施氮肥后24~48 h、48~72 h、72~96 h和96~120 h观测时间段内，自当日15:00至次日9:00，各处理CO₂的排放通量均呈现先减小后增大的趋势，且施氮处理CO₂的排放通量显著高于对照处理。通过对120 h内水稻土壤N₂O和CO₂排放通量进行矫正分析，在9:00—11:00进行观测时，CO₂和N₂O的排放通量与一天的平均值最接近，能够代表一天温室气体排放通量。

关键词: 遗传改良, 遗传改良

Abstract: In order to study the diurnal variation of N₂O and CO₂ from paddy field, and determine the best time for observation, a field experiment was conducted with static-chamber and gas chromatograph. The results showed that, nitrogen fertilizer had a significant role in promoting the emissions of N₂O and CO₂. The diurnal variation of the emission of N₂O had obvious difference in each treatment, but the flux of CO₂ had little difference in each treatment. During the whole observation period (120 h), the emission of N₂O from the check treatment, not only changes little, but also very lower. The emission of N₂O changes little before and after fertilization in 24 h, but increase significantly in 48-96 h, and decreased in 96-120 h. The diurnal variation of the emission of CO₂ in paddy soil were similar in each treatments, there weren’t significant difference in the paddy soil before fertilization. The emission of CO₂ of different observation period of 24-48 h, 48-72 h and 72-96 h had a trends of decreased first and then decreased in each treatment, and the flux of CO₂ of nitrogen treatment were significantly higher than that in check treatment. Based on the correct analysis, the average flux of CO₂ and N₂O were more close to the emission of observation of 9:00-11:00, and could represent the emission of the day and finally determine the gas samples collection time was 9:00-11:00.

朱金霞张源沛郑国保孔德杰. 水稻田土壤N₂O和CO₂排放日变化规律及最佳观测时间的确定[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(3): 146-150.

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水稻田土壤N₂O和CO₂排放日变化规律及最佳观测时间的确定

The Diurnal Variation of the Emission of N₂O and CO₂, and the Best Observation Time in Paddy Field

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