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中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (26): 40-46.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0240

所属专题: 水产渔业

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

养殖池塘利用水葫芦与EM菌协同净化水环境的研究

许国晶 段登选 杜兴华 田功太 张明磊 刘飞 巩俊霞 栗明 李敏   

  • 收稿日期:2014-01-24 修回日期:2014-02-27 出版日期:2014-09-15 发布日期:2014-09-15
  • 基金资助:
    山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题“采矿塌陷区水域渔业综合利用技术体系研究与示范”、“湖泊渔业水域生态构建技术模式研究”、“湖滨渔业生态利用模式关键技术研究”;山东省农业科技成果转化资金项目“淡水池塘节水生态高效养殖关键技术”。

Study of Combined Purification Effect on Culturing Wastewater by Eichhornia crassipes and EM

  • Received:2014-01-24 Revised:2014-02-27 Online:2014-09-15 Published:2014-09-15

摘要: 为了研究水生植物与微生物构建的协同净化体系对集约化养殖水体的净化效果,笔者通过在池塘水体中移植水葫芦(Eichhornia crassipes),并添加浓度为3.0×1010 cfu/m3的EM菌液,研究了水生植物-微生物协同净化体系对集约化养殖水体的净化效果。结果表明,水生植物-微生物协同净化体系对总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH4+-N)、亚硝氮(NO2--N)、总磷(TP)、COD净化效果均显著优于EM菌液组(P<0.05)。经协同净化后的水体中TN、TP水平降至淡水养殖池塘排放水一级标准,NH4+-N水平降至0.6 mg/L以下,而NO2--N水平则降至0.1 mg/L以下。从各处理组对污染物的去除情况来看,水生植物-微生物协同净化体系对水质净化效果与净化体系使用时间呈现较好的正相关关系,在前8天对TN、NH4+-N、NO2--N、TP去除速率较快。表明,在集约化养殖池塘中采用水葫芦与EM菌液构建的水生植物-微生物协同净化体系能够有效去除水中N、P等营养物质,并且水葫芦覆盖面积为20%比覆盖面积10%处理组更具有生态效益。

关键词: 生物学特性, 生物学特性

Abstract: In order to study the purifying effect of system consisted of plants and microorganisms on the intensive- aquaculture waterbody, an aquatic plants- microorganisms system in pond was established by planting Eichhornia crassipes and then adding 3.0×1010 cfu/m3 EM. Results showed that aquatic plantsmicroorganisms system had significant better purification effect on TN, NH4+-N, NO2--N, TP, COD than EM (P<0.05). After combined purification, the concentration of TN and TP decreased to the first standard of discharged water from freshwater fish pond, and the concentration of ammonia and nitrite decreased to below 0.6 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L respectively. In terms of the area of the test-groups, the purification effect of timedepend of aquatic plants-microorganisms system using was evident, and the removing rate of TN, NH4+-N, NO2--N, TP was faster at first 8 days. The results also showed that the intensive-aquaculture waterbody was well purified by aquatic plants-microorganisms system established by Eichhornia crassipes and EM, and when the area of floating-bed was 20%, the ecological benefit achieved to the optimum level.