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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 91-94.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1481

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

早春覆盖对长江中下游绿芦笋生长与产量的影响

谢启鑫,周劲松,罗绍春,陈光宇,张岳平,尹玉玲,汤泳萍,熊春晖   

  1. (江西省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,南昌 330200）
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-23 修回日期:2014-10-27 接受日期:2014-11-24 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 谢启鑫
  • 基金资助:
    国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项(201003074)；国家自然科学基金(31260352)；江西省科技支撑计划项目(20133BBF60022)。

Effect of Mulching on Growth and Early Yield of Green Asparagus in
Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River

Xie Qixin, Zhou Jinsong, Luo Shaochun, Chen Guangyu, Zhang Yueping, Yin Yuling, Tang Yongping, Xiong Chunhui   

  1. (Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200)
  • Received:2014-05-23 Revised:2014-10-27 Accepted:2014-11-24 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要： 为了明确不同覆盖方式对长江中下游地区绿芦笋早春生长的影响，促进嫩茎提早萌发，以芦笋品种‘井冈701’为试材，研究了地膜、小拱棚、稻草、草木灰等覆盖方式对芦笋嫩茎萌发、生长、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明，小拱棚和单层地膜均能显著提高地温，促进嫩茎提早萌发与采收，并能大幅提高前期产量和春季总产量，产生更高的经济效益。其中小拱棚处理效果最佳，可提高地温2.1~6.7℃，比对照提早20天采收，产量比对照提高18.57%，每666.7 m2收益比对照提高了136.67%。稻草覆盖对芦笋的生长、产量和效益的促进作用较小，而草木灰则不能显著提高相关指标。试验筛选出了一种能使早春绿芦笋采收时间大大提前，且产量显著提高的简便农艺方法，对于促进本区域甚至全国的芦笋均衡供应以及提高芦笋种植效益具有重要意义。

关键词: Morlet小波, Morlet小波

Abstract: In order to understand the effect of different mulching methods on the growth of green asparagus in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and promote shoot germination in early spring, green asparagus cultivar ‘JK701’ was used to investigate the effect of plastic mulch, tunnel, straw and plant ash on shoot germination, growth, yield and economic benefits. The results showed that both plastic tunnel and single-layer film could significantly increase the soil temperature, promote shoots growth and early harvest, improve early and total yield, and enhance the economic benefit. The plastic tunnel was the best performing treatment which increased the soil temperature by 2.1℃ to 6.7℃, advanced the harvest time by 20 days, and improved the total yield by 18.57% and benefit by 136.67% per 666.7 m2 than that of the control, while straw had less effect and plant ash had no significant effect on growth, yield and benefit of asparagus. A simple agronomic method was screened which could advance the harvest time and improve the total yield of green asparagus markedly, and it also had significance to make market supply balanced in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and even all over the country and increase the benefit of asparagus planting.