关键词: 湖南, 湖南

Abstract: In order to adapt to the current lack of rural labor force, the author studied planting patterns of the southern region and nitrogen application rate on the high gluten wheat ‘Xikemai6’ yield and efficiency, and selected suitable planting and fertilization technology for farmers. A field experiment was conducted to study three planting patterns, furrow sowing, dibble seeding and broadcast sowing, which were commonly used in the southern region, and yield effects and incremental benefit of different nitrogen levels. The results showed that: different planting patterns, different nitrogen levels and the interaction between planting patterns and nitrogen level could affect “Xikemai 6” leaf SPAD value, grain yield, protein content and yield increase. The maximum SPAD value of three planting patterns was in blossom period, furrow sowing at the level of N3 treatment, SPAD value was 60.1; dibble seeding at the level of N2 treatment, SPAD value was 62.3; broadcast sowing at N4 treatment, SPAD value was 62.8. Furrow sowing had the maximum net photosynthetic rate, earlier filling stage under N4 level treatment was high, reaching 19.5 μmol/(m²·s), while dibble seeding had longer high photosynthetic rate duration. Among the tested three kinds of planting patterns, dibble seeding combined with N3 treatment had the highest yield, which was 8962.07 kg/hm²; followed by furrow sowing combined with N3 treatment, which had a yield of 8791.39 kg/hm²; broadcast sowing had a low yield, and combined with nitrogen treatment of N4, the yield was only 8594.76 kg/hm². Deducting investment cost, net income order was: broadcasting sowing > furrow sowing > dibble seeding. The study suggested that farmers should adopt dibble seeding to achieve high yield when planting ‘Xikemai6’, while to get higher yields with less inputs, broadcast sowing is applicable.