欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (28): 50-54.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-2444

所属专题： 烟草种植与生产

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物降解膜在烤烟地膜覆盖栽培中的应用

郭仕平1,向金友2,曾淑华3,张吉亚2   

  1. (1四川省烟草专卖局(公司）烟叶生产经营管理部,成都 610041；2四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司技术中心,四川宜宾 644600；3四川农业大学农学院,成都 611130）
  • 收稿日期:2014-09-10 修回日期:2015-03-20 接受日期:2015-04-13 出版日期:2015-10-27 发布日期:2015-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 曾淑华
  • 基金资助:
    四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司科技项目“宜宾市生态烟叶生产技术研究与应用”(YBYC-2013011)。

Application of Biodegradable Mulch in Flue-Cured Tobacco Mulching Cultivation

Guo Shiping1, Xiang Jinyou2, Zeng Shuhua3, Zhang Jiya2   

  1. (1Tobacco Production Management Department, Sichuan Tobacco Industrial Company, Chengdu 610041;2Technology Center of Yibin Branch, Sichuan Tobacco Industrial Company, Yibin Sichuan 644600;3Agronomy College of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130)
  • Received:2014-09-10 Revised:2015-03-20 Accepted:2015-04-13 Online:2015-10-27 Published:2015-10-27

摘要： 为减少烤烟地膜覆盖栽培造成的“白色污染”和揭膜用工成本，采用田间随机区组试验研究生物降解膜对烤烟产质量的影响，测定生物降解膜在田间降解过程。试验结果表明：覆盖地膜能促进烟株快速还苗，有利于提高和改善烟叶产质量。在垄体保温、增温效果上，生物降解地膜与普通地膜无显著差异，均能缩短烤烟还苗期。覆盖生物降解膜比不覆盖地膜上中等烟提高5.82个百分点，每公顷产量增加32.85 kg，产值增加813.75元，与普通膜覆盖相比，上中等烟比例、产量略低但无显著差异，烟叶身份和色度略差，生物降解膜在烟株进入团棵期开始裂解，烟地翻犁前基本降解完成。因此，生物降解膜可在烤烟地膜覆盖中应用，但降解时间与烟叶生育期不完全同步，应进一步改进其降解性能。

关键词: 对策建议, 对策建议

Abstract: In order to reduce white pollution and the labor cost of clearing the mulch in flue-cured tobacco mulching cultivation, effect of biodegradable mulch on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco as well as the degradation process of biodegradable mulch in field were investigated in this study by utilizing the field randomized block experiment. As the results showed that film mulching, which could promote fast recovery of survival of tobacco seedlings, was conducive to enhance and improve the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. Both biodegradable mulch and ordinary plastic could shorten the survival period of flue-cured tobacco seedling, while there was no significant difference in heat preservation and increasing temperature to the field ridges. Furthermore, the upper and middle class tobacco leave proportion of biodegradable mulch treatment was 5.82 percentage points higher than that of none mulching, with yield increase of 32.85 kg/hm2 and output value increase of 813.75 yuan/hm2. Compared with ordinary film mulch, the yield and the upper and middle class tobacco leave proportion of biodegradable mulch treatment were slightly lower but had no significant difference, with slightly insufficient leaf thickness and color. Finally, the biodegradable mulch film began to crack in the rosette stage, and completely degraded before the field was ploughed. So it is possible for the application of biodegradable mulch in flue-cured tobacco mulching cultivation, but the cracking time is not synchronous to flue-cured tobacco growth period, and the degradability should be improved.