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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (30): 155-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190500128

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴

• 三农研究 • 上一篇    

云南高原特色现代农业产业经济分析研究

陈良正   

  1. 云南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,昆明,650205
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-09 修回日期:2019-09-25 接受日期:2019-08-23 出版日期:2019-10-25 发布日期:2019-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈良正
  • 基金资助:
    云南省应用基础研究计划重点项目－云南高原特色农业产业经济及政策研究（2016FA027）；云南省科技人才培养计划－云南省农科院高原特色农业产业经济研究省级创新团队（2018HC018）；云南省首批重点培育新型智库－云南农业发展智库。

Study on The Development of Modern Characteristic Agriculture in Yunnan Plateau

  • Received:2019-05-09 Revised:2019-09-25 Accepted:2019-08-23 Online:2019-10-25 Published:2019-10-25

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摘要： 为进一步发挥云南的比较优势，加快农业转型升级，做大做强高原特色农业产业经济，从产业经济学的视角，在纵向对2012年以来云南现代农业产业经济发展的综合效益、结构特征、区域布局、组织体系及生产能力等进行系统分析的基础上，将部分主要指标放在全国和西南五省(区)两个纬度上进行横向对比，凝炼云南农业产业经济发展存在的诸如整体水平不高、结构制约突出、产业功能单一、缺乏稳定支持、主体发育不足等主要问题。作者认为，云南在以规模化大生产为基础的粮、油等大宗农产品生产上不具备优势，应充分发挥低纬高原自然地理、生物人文资源等多样化的优势，坚持和强化实施差异化发展战略，坚定不移地走多样、特色、优质、时差（季节差）和带差（气候带）的特色农业现代化发展道路。建议将发展云南有基础和潜力、价值提升空间大、且地域性强、技术要求高的特色经济作物、山地畜牧等优质农产品产业作为结构和调整的重点，将扶持经营主体、发展农产品加工业、促进一二三产业融合、拓展农业多功能性等作为农业支持政策调整的重点，供云南省及其他高原地区发展特色农业产业经济参考。

关键词: 氮沉降, 氮沉降, 北方森林, 土壤微生物量, 土壤微生物活性, 土壤酶活性

Abstract: In order to further exert regional comparative advantages, accelerate the transformation and upgrading, make the characteristic agricultural industry economy in Yunnan Plateau bigger and stronger, the comprehensive benefit, structural characteristics, regional distribution, organizational system and productivity of the agricultural industry in Yunnan since 2012 were vertically summarized from the perspective of industrial economic, and the main problems existing such as the lower whole level, prominent structural constraints, single industrial function, missing stability support, insufficient management subjects, etc. were condensed also through the horizontal comparison of some principal indicators in two latitudes of the whole country and five provinces in southwest China. The authors considered that the production of bulk agricultural products on the basis of large-scale as grain, oil, etc. is not Yunnan''s advantage. Fully use of the diversification in natural, geographical, biological and cultural resource of low latitude plateau in Yunnan, the differentiated development strategy should be insisted on and strengthened. The modernization of agriculture in Yunnan with diversity, characteristics, quality, difference in time (season) and zone (climate) should be continued. The characteristic cash crops, mountain livestock and poultry with large space for value promotion, distinctive regional characteristics, high technical requirements, having a better foundation and development potential in Yunnan should be the key industries and points in optimizing agricultural structure and distribution, adjusting the agricultural support policies should focused on supporting business subjects, developing modern deep-processing industries of agricultural products, promoting the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, expanding multiple functions, etc. in Yunnan Plateau, which could be as a reference for characteristic agricultural development in Yunnan and other areas.