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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (30): 1-6.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191000739

所属专题： 小麦； 水稻

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

接种丛枝菌根真菌对麦秆分解和旱稻生长的影响

贾艳艳(), 诸俊, 顾大路, 杨文飞, 杜小凤, 孙爱侠, 钱新民, 文廷刚, 朱云林()   

  1. 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安 223001
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-21 修回日期:2019-11-15 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 朱云林
  • 作者简介:贾艳艳,女,1986年出生,山东聊城人,助理研究员,博士,研究方向：土壤养分循环与作物栽培。通信地址：223001 淮安市淮海北路104号,江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,Tel：0517-83672908,E-mail： yyjia667@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家小麦产业技术体系项目“苏中综合试验站”(CARS-3-2-13);江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室开发课题“淮安水稻土磷素转化微生物纳米酶促材料的筛选研究”(17HZHL007);淮安市自然科学研究计划“淮安稻米磷肥减施增效纳米调控技术及机理研究”(HAB201720);淮安市农科院院长科研基金项目“纳米氧化锌对稻田酸化土壤氮素转化关键酶活性的影响”(HNY201709);淮安市农业科学研究院高层次引进人才科研启动发展基金项目“微生物调控水稻氮磷高效利用机理及技术研究”(002201901413)

Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Effects on Wheat-straw Decomposition and Upland Rice Growth

Jia Yanyan(), Zhu Jun, Gu Dalu, Yang Wenfei, Du Xiaofeng, Sun Aixia, Qian Xinmin, Wen Tinggang, Zhu Yunlin()   

  1. Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai Area of Jiangsu, Huaian Jiangsu 223001
  • Received:2019-10-21 Revised:2019-11-15 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-10-16
  • Contact: Zhu Yunlin

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摘要：

为探究丛枝菌根真菌对还田秸秆分解和作物生长的作用,以旱稻和麦秆为试验材料,利用盆栽试验研究接种AM真菌对麦秆分解率、氮素释放率、土壤酶活性以及旱稻叶绿素含量、根系活力、生物量的影响。结果显示：AM真菌的菌根定殖率为27.17%~28.53%。与秸秆还田不接菌处理相比,还田同时接种AM真菌处理显著促进了麦秆的分解率和氮素释放率,而且土壤蛋白酶、脲酶和纤维素酶的活性显著增加;秸秆还田同时接种AM真菌显著提高了旱稻第60天的根系活力和第90天叶片的总叶绿素含量,显著促进了地上部分和根系生物量的累积。在旱稻田接种AM真菌能有效促进麦秆的分解和土壤酶的分泌、增加旱稻的根系活力,有利于旱稻生物量的积累。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 麦秆分解, 土壤酶活性, 水稻生物量, 根系活力

Abstract:

To explore the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on wheat straw decomposition and crop growth, upland rice and wheat straw were used as materials, a pot experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of AM fungi inoculation on the decomposition rate and nitrogen (N) release rate of wheat straw, the soil enzyme activities, the chlorophyll content, root activity and biomass of upland rice. Results showed that the colonization percentage of AM fungi was 27.17%-28.53%. Compared with the treatment of straw returning without AM fungi inoculation, the decomposition rate and nitrogen release rate of wheat straw were significantly improved under the treatment of straw returning with AM fungi inoculation; and the soil enzyme activities of cellulase, protease and urease all increased significantly under the treatment of straw returning with AM fungi inoculation. Straw returning with AM fungi inoculation treatment increased the root activity on the 60th day, the total chlorophyll content of leaves on the 90th day, and promoted the accumulation of aboveground part and root biomass significantly. Under the condition of wheat straw returning to the field, AM fungi can effectively promote the decomposition of wheat straw and the secretion of soil enzyme, increase the root activity of upland rice, which is conducive to the biomass accumulation of upland rice in dry paddy fields.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, wheat straw decomposition, soil enzyme activities, rice biomass, root activity

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