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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 30-36.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18100082

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

菌渣还田对生菜生长、土壤养分及酶活性的影响研究

滕青, 曾梦凤, 林慧凡, 谢雨晴   

  1. 广东石油化工学院,环境科学与工程学院,广东茂名 525000
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-23 修回日期:2018-12-28 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-02-22
  • 作者简介:滕青,男,1987年生,讲师,博士,主要从事固体废弃物资源化研究。通信地址：525000广东省茂名市官渡二路139号,广东石油化工学院 环境科学与工程学院,Tel：0668-2923550,E-mail：qing309102@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省省级科技计划项目茂名市石油化工产业转型升级技术创新公共服务平台开放基金“含油污泥资源化处理技术研究”(016B020211002);茂名市科技计划项目“杨桃树枝条发酵制作有机肥研究”(2017301);广东石油化工学院校级科研基金项目“基于化肥、农药减量化的生态稻鸭种养耦合模式研究”(2017rc10)

Influences of Application of Mushroom Residue on Lettuce Growth, Soil Nutrients and Enzyme Activities

Teng Qing, Zeng Mengfeng, Lin Huifan, Xie Yuqing   

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming Guangdong 525000
  • Received:2018-10-23 Revised:2018-12-28 Online:2020-02-25 Published:2020-02-22

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摘要：

为考查菌渣的肥效及其对生态环境的影响,布置生菜栽培盆栽实验,研究施用菌渣还田对生菜生长、土壤养分、酶活性及微生物的影响。试验空白、菌渣、复合化肥、菌渣+复合化肥4个处理。结果表明：（1）施用菌渣,能促进青椒生长,但对生菜的生长促进不及化肥。（2）施加肥料能显著提高土壤养分,与空白处理相比,施纯菌渣对土壤全氮增加58.6%,碱解氮增加73.3%,硝态氮增加35.3%。（3）施菌渣能显著提高土壤酶活性和土壤微生物数量,施纯菌渣处理的土壤过氧化氢酶活性、脱氢酶活性和脲酶活性分别是化肥处理的1.31、1.40、1.44倍;土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌数量分别为化肥处理的1.56、1.72、1.72倍。施用菌渣可提高农田土壤养分、有机质含量、土壤酶活性和微生物数量,减少养分流失,改善农田土壤生态环境,具有良好的推广应用价值。

关键词: 菌渣, 生菜, 土壤养分, 土壤酶活性, 微生物

Abstract:

To investigate the fertilizer efficiency of mushroom residue and its impact on the ecological environment, a pot experiment was conducted to study the influences of mushroom residue application on lettuce growth, soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities and soil microorganisms. The experiment had four treatments: blank treatment, mushroom residue, composite chemical fertilizer and mushroom residue + compound chemical fertilizer. The results showed that: (1) the application of mushroom residue could promote the growth of green pepper, the promotion effect on lettuce was not as good as that of chemical fertilizer; (2) the application of mushroom residue and compound fertilizer could significantly increase the soil nutrients, compared with the blank treatment, application of mushroom residue increased the soil total nitrogen by 58.6%, the alkali nitrogen increased by 73.3% and the nitrate nitrogen increased by 35.3%; (3) the application of mushroom residue significantly increased soil enzyme activities and soil microbial population, the soil catalase activity, dehydrogenase activity and urease activity of mushroom residue treatment was 1.31, 1.40 and 1.44 times as that of chemical fertilizer treatment, respectively, and the number of soil bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi was 1.56, 1.72 and 1.72 times, respectively. The application of mushroom residue could improve soil nutrient, soil organic matter, soil enzyme activity and soil microorganism, reduce nutrient loss and improve soil ecological environment.

Key words: mushroom residue, lettuce, soil nutrient, soil enzyme activity, microorganism

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