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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 80-85.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0390

所属专题: 土壤重金属污染

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

紫云英还田对土壤养分和重金属含量的影响

陈慧1(), 周晓月2, 谭诚2, 张永春3, 汪吉东3, 马洪波3()   

  1. 1南京市六合区农业技术推广中心,南京 210044
    2海南大学园艺学院,海口 570228
    3江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境所/农业农村部江苏耕地保育科学观测实验站,南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-12 修回日期:2021-10-29 出版日期:2022-03-05 发布日期:2022-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 马洪波
  • 作者简介:陈慧,女,1986年出生,江苏东台人,高级农艺师,博士,主要从事农业技术推广。通信地址:210044 南京市六合区雄州南路268号六合大厦2121,E-mail: 491786371@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新资金“控制甘薯连作障碍的强还原土壤处理关键技术及产品创制”(CX(20)3083);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助国家甘薯产业技术体系(CARS-10-B9);江苏省农业科学院探索性颠覆性创新计划项目“以土壤团聚能力为核心驱动的江苏省典型中低产田地力提升技术研发”(ZX(21)1223)

Effects of Milk Vetch Returning to Field on the Content of Soil Nutrient and Heavy Metal

CHEN Hui1(), ZHOU Xiaoyue2, TAN Cheng2, ZHANG Yongchun3, WANG Jidong3, MA Hongbo3()   

  1. 1Nanjing Liuhe District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Nanjing 210044
    2College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228
    3Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014
  • Received:2021-04-12 Revised:2021-10-29 Online:2022-03-05 Published:2022-04-13
  • Contact: MA Hongbo

摘要:

为提高六合稻麦轮作土壤质量,2018—2020年采用绿肥还田方式,设计开展紫云英-水稻轮作田间定位试验。设计紫云英-水稻轮作、小麦-水稻轮作2个耕作模式处理,研究紫云英还田对稻田耕层土壤养分含量、重金属的影响。结果表明,与小麦-水稻轮作相比,紫云英-水稻轮作可有效增加土壤养分,包括土壤全氮、有机质、速效钾、交换性钙、有效硫、有效锰、有效锌、有效钼;同时可改善土壤结构,土壤容重从1.32 g/cm3降低到1.21 g/cm3;还可减缓土壤酸化,土壤从pH 6.36升高到pH 6.51;可降低土壤重金属总铬、总铅、总砷、总汞的污染。综合考虑,紫云英还田可以有效减少冬季麦田肥料用量,并提高土壤质量,是六合水稻种植区较好的施肥模式。

关键词: 紫云英, 土壤养分, 土壤重金属, 土壤质量评价, 耕作模式, 减肥

Abstract:

To improve the soil quality under rice-wheat rotation in Liuhe, a field experiment of milk vetch-rice rotation (2018 to 2020) was conducted to study the effects of milk vetch returning on the content of soil nutrient and heavy metal in paddy field. Two rotation patterns were designed: milk vetch-rice rotation and wheat-rice rotation. The results of this study showed that compared with wheat-rice rotation, milk vetch-rice rotation effectively increased soil nutrients, including total nitrogen, organic matter, available potassium, exchangeable calcium, available sulfur, available manganese, available zinc and available molybdenum, improved soil structure (soil bulk density decreased from 1.32 g/cm3 to 1.21 g/cm3), alleviated soil acidification (soil pH increased from pH 6.36 to pH 6.51), and reduced the soil pollution of total Cr, Pb, As, and Hg. In conclusion, milk vetch-rice rotation could effectively reduce the amount of fertilizer applied in winter wheat field and improve soil quality, which is a promising fertilization mode for Liuhe rice planting area.

Key words: milk vetch, soil nutrient, soil heavy metal, evaluation on soil quality, tillage mode, fertilizer reduction

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