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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (21): 51-57.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0867

所属专题: 生物技术 植物保护 马铃薯

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

马铃薯化肥农药双减绿色生产技术研究

王真1(), 林团荣1, 王伟1, 王玉凤1, 罗小波2, 姚彬3   

  1. 1内蒙古乌兰察布市农林科学研究所,内蒙古乌兰察布 012000
    2贵州省农业科学院生物技术研究所,贵阳 550006
    3内蒙古和林格尔县农牧局,内蒙古和林格尔 011500
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-06 修回日期:2021-12-05 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-08-23
  • 作者简介:王真,男,1991年出生,陕西延安人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向:马铃薯栽培、病虫害防治工作。通信地址:012000 内蒙古乌兰察布市集宁区察哈尔西街农牧局综合大楼(薯都大楼)521室,Tel:18629142090,E-mail: 575873060@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家马铃薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-09-ES05);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“马铃薯优质安全与绿色生产技术的集成推广”(2021ZY0005)

Double Reduction of Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide in Potato Production

WANG Zhen1(), LIN Tuanrong1, WANG Wei1, WANG Yufeng1, LUO Xiaobo2, YAO Bin3   

  1. 1Inner Mongolia Ulanqab Agricultural and Forestry Science Institute, Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia 012000
    2Institute of Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006
    3Inner Mongolia Helingeer County Agricultural and Pastoral Bureau, Helingeer, Inner Mongolia 011500
  • Received:2021-09-06 Revised:2021-12-05 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-08-23

摘要:

研究旨在探索最佳的化肥农药双减绿色生产技术,以期提升马铃薯产量及品质,进而指导实际生产。本研究以‘青薯9号’为试验材料,设计了4个肥料处理,每个肥料处理又设A、B两个农药对比试验。结果显示,处理2减施化肥、增施商品有机肥(750 kg/hm2),可改善品质,较对照增产6460.2 kg/hm2;处理3减施化肥、增施有机肥(600 kg/hm2)+菌肥(300 kg/hm2),改善了马铃薯的部分品质;处理4减施化肥,增施有机肥(600 kg/hm2)+腐殖酸肥(45 kg/hm2),可改善品质,增产32.24%;农药处理未对马铃薯块茎产量及品质造成不良影响。试验证明,处理4在减少化肥用量、增施腐殖酸肥后增加马铃薯结薯数量,提高产量,改善品质,可在生产中推广应用。

关键词: 马铃薯, 有机肥, 菌肥, 腐殖酸肥, 减肥, 减药

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to explore the optimal green technology of double reduction of chemical fertilizer and pesticide in potato production, to improve potato yield and quality and guide the actual production. In this study, ‘Qingshu No. 9’ was used as experimental material. Four fertilizer treatments were designed, and two pesticides, A and B, were compared for each fertilizer treatment. The results showed that in treatment 2, compared with those of the control, potato quality was improved and the yield was increased by 6460.2 kg/hm2 by reducing chemical fertilizer application and increasing organic fertilizer application (750 kg/hm2). In treatment 3, potato quality was improved with the reduction of chemical fertilizer application and the increase of organic fertilizer application (600 kg/hm2) and microbial fertilizer (300 kg/hm2). In treatment 4, the reduction of chemical fertilizer application and the increase of organic fertilizer application (600 kg/hm2) and humic acid fertilizer (45 kg/hm2) could improve the potato quality and increase the yield by 32.24% compared with that of control. Pesticide treatment had no adverse effect on the yield and quality of potato tuber. This study showed that treatment 4 could increase potato tuber quantity and yield and improve quality by reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer and adding humic acid fertilizer, and the technology could be popularized in production.

Key words: potato, organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, fertilizer reduction, pesticide reduction

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