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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (21): 44-50.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0854

所属专题： 生物技术； 资源与环境； 玉米； 农业生态

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施氮量对夏玉米农田生态系统净碳效应的影响

卢闯1,2(), 胡海棠1,2, 淮贺举1,2, 田宇杰1,2, 石建安1,2, 李存军1,2()   

  1. 1清远市智慧农业研究院,广东清远 511500
    2北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心,北京 100097
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-06 修回日期:2021-12-05 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 李存军
  • 作者简介:卢闯,男,1991年出生,河南新乡人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事农业生态研究。通信地址：100097 北京农科大厦、北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心,Tel：010-51503106,E-mail： lupeichuang@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技计划项目“清远市智慧农业研究院+粤东西北新型研发机构建设”(2019B090905006)

Different Nitrogen Application Rates: Effects on Net Carbon Effect of Summer Maize Farmland Ecosystem

LU Chuang1,2(), HU Haitang1,2, HUAI Heju1,2, TIAN Yujie1,2, SHI Jianan1,2, LI Cunjun1,2()   

  1. 1Qingyuan Academy of Smart Agriculture, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511500
    2Research Center of Information Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, Beijing 100097
  • Received:2021-09-06 Revised:2021-12-05 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-08-23
  • Contact: LI Cunjun

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摘要：

为探究华北地区夏玉米低碳生产的氮肥管理措施,以典型夏玉米田为对象,设置了不施氮(N0)、施氮100 kg/hm2(N1)、施氮150 kg/hm2 (N2)、施氮200 kg/hm2 (N3)4个处理,通过土壤温室气体排放、农事投入间接碳排放和作物固碳综合评估了不同施氮水平对夏玉米农田生态系统净碳效应的影响。结果表明,农田土壤CO2、N2O排放随施氮量升高而升高,CH4吸收量随施氮量的升高而下降,N1、N2和N3处理土壤温室气体总排放的碳当量分别较N0提高14.91%、24.19%、29.67%;氮肥投入贡献了较高的间接排放,达到135.27~270.55 kg/hm2;施氮促进了作物固碳,N0、N1、N2、N3净初级生产力固碳量分别为1965.56、3125.68、4345.55、4663.64 kg/hm2。综合系统碳流来看,各处理均表现为碳汇,净碳效应分别为258.33、1034.99、2032.82、2192.16 kg/hm2,碳可持续指数分别为0.15、0.50、0.88、0.89。200 kg/hm2施氮量下能够以相对较低的碳耗换取较高的固碳率,表现出较高的净碳效应,可推荐为氮素适宜投入量。

关键词: 夏玉米, 施氮量, 农田生态系统, 温室气体, 净碳效应

Abstract:

In order to explore nitrogen fertilizer management measures of low carbon production in north China, the typical summer maize field was used as the study object. The treatments included four nitrogen fertilizer rates: N0(0 kg/hm2), N1(100 kg/hm2), N2(150 kg/hm2) and N3(200 kg/hm2). The net carbon effect of different nitrogen application rates on summer maize farmland ecosystem was evaluated through statistical analysis of the test data of soil greenhouse gas emissions, indirect carbon emissions from agricultural inputs, and crop carbon sequestration. The results showed that soil CO2 and N2O emissions increased with the nitrogen application rate, while the CH4 uptake decreased with the nitrogen rate increase. The carbon equivalent of total soil emissions from treatment N1, N2 and N3 increased by 14.91%, 24.19%, and 29.67% compared with that of N0, respectively. Nitrogen fertilizer input, reaching 135.27-270.55 kg/hm2, contributed to a high proportion of the indirect emissions. Nitrogen application also promoted the accumulation of crop carbon sequestration, while the carbon content of net primary productivity of N0, N1, N2 and N3 reached 1965.56, 3125.68, 4345.55 and 4663.64 kg/hm2, respectively. The carbon flow in agricultural system indicated that all the treatments were carbon sinks. The net carbon effect of N0, N1, N2 and N3 was 258.33, 1034.99, 2032.82, and 2192.16 kg/hm2, respectively, and the carbon sustainable index reached 0.15, 0.50, 0.88 and 0.89, respectively. In summary, 200 kg/hm2 nitrogen application can be recommended as an appropriate input, because it deserves more carbon sequestration in exchange for less carbon consumption, showing a higher net carbon effect.

Key words: summer maize, nitrogen application rate, farmland ecosystem, greenhouse gases, net carbon effect

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