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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (21): 36-43.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0869

所属专题: 生物技术 植物保护

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物有机肥和菌剂对土壤肥力及草莓生长品质的影响

朱诗君1(), 王丽丽1, 金树权1(), 周金波1, 卢晓红2   

  1. 1宁波市农业科学研究院,浙江宁波 315101
    2中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-06 修回日期:2021-12-04 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 金树权
  • 作者简介:朱诗君,男,1991年出生,浙江温州人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事农用微生物资源的开发及应用。通信地址:315101 浙江省宁波市鄞州区德厚街19号,Tel:0574-87184037,E-mail: 1227935418@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁波市农科院-中国农科院科技合作创新工程项目“设施瓜果主要连作障碍因子综合治理技术研发及应用”(2019CXG003);鄞州区农业与社会发展科技项目“防控茄果类蔬菜主要土传病害微生物菌剂研发与应用”(20191YZQ010042)

Effects of Bio-organic Fertilizer and Microbial Agents on Soil Fertility and Growth and Quality of Strawberry

ZHU Shijun1(), WANG Lili1, JIN Shuquan1(), ZHOU Jinbo1, LU Xiaohong2   

  1. 1Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315101
    2Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193
  • Received:2021-09-06 Revised:2021-12-04 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-08-23
  • Contact: JIN Shuquan

摘要:

为了探究生物有机肥和复合微生物菌剂联用对土壤理化性质、草莓营养生长和果实品质的影响,以草莓‘红颊’为试验材料,设置普通有机肥底肥(T0);普通有机肥底肥+菌剂追肥(T1);生物有机肥底肥(T2);生物有机肥底肥+菌剂追肥(T3);灭活生物有机肥底肥+灭活菌剂追肥(T4)跟踪调查不同处理下的土壤理化性质、草莓营养生长、果实产量及品质。结果显示:生物有机肥底肥和菌剂追施可以明显改善土壤酸化,提高土壤有机质及速效养分,并降低土壤电导率。该措施对草莓的营养生长和果实品质同样也有显著积极作用。通过对比现蕾期到成熟期的变化率,T3处理的草莓株高、株幅以及叶绿素较T0处理分别依次增加了2.53%、3.62%和18.99%。此外比对T3与T0的植株质量表明,T3的地上部分生物质和干物质量分别提高了20.05%、5.09%,而地下部分生物质和干物质量提高了2.69%、5.05%。此外,T3处理增加各代果实单果重和挂果数,草莓产量达(30.10±3.87)t/hm2。其对果实品质改善也有显著的积极作用,各代果实的可溶性固形物提高2.08%~5.32%,可滴定酸降低了5.15%~18.76%,维生素C提高了5.67%~10.22%。综上所述,添加生物有机肥作为底肥,并辅以菌剂追施,可提高土壤肥力,并对草莓生长、产量和果实品质有显著的积极影响,本研究为设施草莓栽培提供技术依据和理论支撑。

关键词: 设施草莓, 精品农业, 生物有机肥, 微生物菌剂, 土壤肥力

Abstract:

To explore the combined effect of bio-organic fertilizer and compound microbial agents on soil physical and chemical properties, and the growth and fruit quality of strawberry, strawberry ‘Red-Cheek’ was used as the material, and treatments were set up, including organic fertilizer as base fertilizer (T0), organic fertilizer as base fertilizer and microbial agents as topdressing (T1), bio-organic fertilizer as base fertilizer (T2), bio-organic fertilizer as base fertilizer and microbial agents as topdressing (T3) and inactivated bio-organic fertilizer as base fertilizer and inactivated microbial agents as topdressing (T4). The soil physical and chemical properties, and the growing status, yield and fruit quality of strawberries were investigated. The results showed that bio-organic fertilizer used as base fertilizer or microbial agents used as topdressing could significantly improve soil pH, increase soil organic matter and available nutrients, and decrease soil conductivity. It also had significant positive effects on vegetative growth and fruit quality of strawberry. The change rate of plant height, plant width and chlorophyll content from budding stage to maturity stage of T3 was 2.53%, 3.62% and 18.99% higher than those of T0, respectively. In addition, comparing the plant quality of T3 with that of T0, the biomass and dry matter weight of the aboveground part of T3 increased by 20.05% and 5.09% respectively, while those of the underground part increased by 2.69% and 5.05%. Furthermore, T3 increased the single fruit weight and fruit number, and the yield reached (30.10±3.87)t/hm2. T3 also had a significantly positive effect on fruit quality. The content of soluble solids increased by 2.08%-5.32% and that of titratable acid decreased by 5.15%-18.76%, and the VC content increased by 5.67%-10.22%. In summary, the combination of bio-organic fertilizer and microbial agents could have a significantly positive impact on soil fertility, and strawberry growth, yield and fruit quality. This study could provide a technical basis for facility strawberry cultivation.

Key words: facility strawberry, quality-oriented agriculture, bio-organic fertilizer, microbial agent, soil fertility

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