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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (25): 102-107.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0083

所属专题: 生物技术 油料作物 马铃薯

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

木薯花生不同间作模式对木薯地土壤肥力的影响

刘子凡1(), 苏必孟1, 黄洁2(), 魏云霞2, 肖子丽3   

  1. 1海南大学热带作物学院,海口 570228
    2中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业农村部木薯种质资源保护与利用重点实验室,海南儋州 571737
    3广西区合浦县农业科学研究所,广西合浦 536100
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-22 修回日期:2022-04-02 出版日期:2022-09-05 发布日期:2022-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 黄洁
  • 作者简介:刘子凡,男,1975年出生,江西余干人,教授,博士,主要从事热带作物高效栽培研究。通信地址:570228 海南海口美兰区人民大道58号 海南大学热带作物学院,Tel:0898-66279014,E-mail:jiangxilaobiao@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    农业农村部现代木薯产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-11-hnhj);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(1630032017042)

Effects of Cassava-Peanut Intercropping Patterns on Soil Fertility

LIU Zifan1(), SU Bimeng1, HUANG Jie2(), WEI Yunxia2, XIAO Zili3   

  1. 1College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228
    2Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, CATAS/ Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Cassava Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Danzhou, Hainan 571737
    3Institute of Agricultural Science Research, Hepu, Guangxi 536100
  • Received:2021-01-22 Revised:2022-04-02 Online:2022-09-05 Published:2022-08-26
  • Contact: HUANG Jie

摘要:

为探究木薯花生不同间作模式对木薯地土壤肥力的影响,设置1行木薯2行花生(C1P2)、2行木薯3行花生(C2P3)和2行木薯4行花生(C2P4)3种间作模式,以单作木薯(MC)为对照,测定0~20 cm土层pH、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、蔗糖酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、可培养细菌数量、可培养真菌数量11个土壤肥力指标,利用主成分分析法对11个指标的土壤肥力变化率进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)C2P4模式的土壤速效磷、速效钾含量和可培养细菌数量显著低于MC处理;C1P2模式仅土壤速效磷含量显著低于MC处理;C2P3模式的pH、脲酶活性显著高于MC处理,可培养细菌数量显著低于MC处理。(2)由主成分分析3种间作模式的土壤肥力综合得分可知,C1P2间作模式能促进木薯地土壤肥力的提高,而C2P3和C2P4模式使土壤肥力下降。推广C2P4模式,应补充因增产而被带走的养分量,维持木薯地的土壤肥力,从而实现可持续发展。

关键词: 木薯, 花生, 间作模式, 土壤肥力, 主成分分析, 综合评价

Abstract:

To explore the effects of different cassava-peanut intercropping patterns on soil fertility, four treatments were set, which were mono-cropping cassava (MC), one row of cassava intercropping with two rows of peanut (C1P2), two rows of cassava intercropping with three rows of peanut (C2P3) and two rows of cassava intercropping with four of rows peanut (C2P4). A total of 11 soil fertility indexes, such as pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, sucrase, urease, acid phosphatase, catalase, the number of culturable bacteria and the number of culturable fungi, in the 0-20 cm soil were measured, then the change rate of the 11 soil fertility indexes were assessed comprehensively by the principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that: (1) the content of soil available P, available K and the number of culturable bacteria of C2P4 were significantly lower than those of MC, the content of soil available P of C1P2 was significantly lower than that of MC, the pH and urease activity of C2P3 were significantly higher than those of MC, while the number of culturable bacteria of C2P3 was significantly lower than that of MC; (2) according to the PCA scores of the comprehensive soil fertility, C1P2 could improve the soil fertility, while C2P3 and C2P4 could decrease the soil fertility. To promote the C2P4 pattern, additional nutrients should be applied to maintain the soil fertility of cassava field for yield increase, thus achieving the sustainable development cassava industry.

Key words: cassava, peanut, intercropping pattern, soil fertility, principal component analysis (PCA), comprehensive assessment

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