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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 62-70.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0002

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

复合盐碱胁迫对鲜食葡萄生理生化指标的影响

卢倩倩(), 冯琳骄, 王爽, 古力扎提·包尔汗, 褚韧, 周龙()   

  1. 新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-04 修回日期:2022-04-14 出版日期:2023-01-05 发布日期:2022-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 周龙
  • 作者简介:卢倩倩,女,1996年出生,山东菏泽人,硕士研究生,研究方向:果树栽培与生理。通信地址:830052 新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市沙依巴克区农大东路311号 新疆农业大学,E-mail:2214466796@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划“户太系列葡萄品种引进及配套栽培关键技术研发”(2020B01003-1)

Effects of Compound Saline-alkali Stress on Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Table Grapes

LU Qianqian(), FENG Linjiao, WANG Shuang, GULIZHATI·Baoerhan , CHU Ren, ZHOU Long()   

  1. College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
  • Received:2022-01-04 Revised:2022-04-14 Online:2023-01-05 Published:2022-12-27
  • Contact: ZHOU Long

摘要:

为筛选出较耐盐碱的新引鲜食葡萄品种,以10个葡萄品种为材料,研究不同浓度复合盐碱(盆土干重的0.29%、0.58%、0.87%)胁迫30天后葡萄生理生化指标的变化特征,对所有指标进行相关性分析,并采用主成分分析法综合评价其耐盐碱能力。结果表明,随着盐碱浓度的增加,根系活力和叶片相对含水量呈逐渐下降趋势,相对电导率、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量呈逐渐上升趋势,超氧化物歧化酶活性呈先上升后下降或持续上升2种趋势。相关性分析发现,叶片丙二醛含量、根系丙二醛含量、叶片脯氨酸含量三者之间两两极显著正相关,根系超氧化物歧化酶活性与叶片丙二醛含量、叶片超氧化物歧化酶活性显著负相关。主成分分析法提取出特征值大于1的3个主成分,累计贡献率77.99%,最终得出10个葡萄品种耐盐碱性顺序由强到弱依次为‘紫甜无核’、‘黑脆无核’、‘户太8号’、‘早夏无核’、‘丝路红玫瑰’、‘阳光玫瑰’、‘深红玫瑰’、‘夏黑’、‘甜蜜蓝宝石’、‘浪漫红颜’。

关键词: 鲜食葡萄, 复合盐碱胁迫, 生理生化响应, 主成分分析, 相关性分析

Abstract:

To screen new introduced table grape varieties with saline-alkali tolerance, 10 grape varieties were used as materials to study the variation characteristics of physiological and biochemical indexes of grapes after 30 days of compound saline-alkali stress of different concentrations (0.29%, 0.58%, and 0.87% of the dry weight of pot soil). The correlation analysis of all indexes was carried out, and the principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the saline-alkali tolerance of the grape varieties. The results showed that with the increase of saline-alkali concentration, the root activity and leaf relative water content decreased gradually, the relative conductivity and the content of malondialdehyde and proline increased gradually, and the superoxide dismutase activity showed two trends of first increase then decrease or continuous increase. Correlation analysis showed that malondialdehyde content in leaves, malondialdehyde content in roots and proline content in leaves had extremely significantly and positively pairwise correlation. Superoxide dismutase activity in roots was significantly and negatively correlated with malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity in leaves. Three principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted by principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 77.99%. Finally, the order of saline-alkali tolerance of the 10 grape varieties from strong to weak was determined as ‘Zitianwuhe’, ‘Blackcrunchy Seedless’, ‘Hutai 8’, ‘Zaoxiawuhe’, ‘Silk Road Red Rose’, ‘Shine Muscat’, ‘Crimson Rose’, ‘Summer Black’, ‘Sweet Sapphire’, and ‘Wagamichi’.

Key words: table grapes, compound saline-alkali stress, physiological and biochemical responses, principal component analysis, correlation analysis

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