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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (32): 38-44.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0032

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

澳洲坚果果皮发酵生产有机肥初步研究

宋海云(), 肖海艳, 张涛, 贺鹏, 郑树芳, 许鹏, 韦媛荣, 王文林()   

  1. 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西崇左 532415
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-07 修回日期:2022-03-28 出版日期:2022-11-15 发布日期:2022-11-09
  • 通讯作者: 王文林
  • 作者简介:宋海云,女,1986年出生,广西崇左人,农艺师,本科,主要从事亚热带作物评价与利用方面的研究。通信地址：532415 广西崇左市龙州县彬桥乡广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,Tel：0771-8810405,E-mail： 914605692@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    广西重点研发计划“澳洲坚果副产物高值化关键技术研究与应用示范”(桂科AB22035012);崇左市科技计划“澳洲坚果栽培技术与综合利用研究与示范”(崇科FA2019011);广西科技基地和人才专项“天等县澳洲坚果新品种引进筛选与轻简化栽培技术示范推广”(桂科AD20297128);广西农业科学院科技先锋队专项行动资助项目“特色水果产业科技先锋队”(桂农科JZ202008);广西农业科学院稳定资助科研团队项目“澳洲坚果研究团队”(桂农科2021YT156);广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目“澳洲坚果加工技术研究及相关产品的开发”(桂农科2021JM127)

Producing Organic Fertilizer by Fermentation of Macadamia Peel

SONG Haiyun(), XIAO Haiyan, ZHANG Tao, HE Peng, ZHENG Shufang, XU Peng, WEI Yuanrong, WANG Wenlin()   

  1. Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Research Institute, Chongzuo, Guangxi 532415
  • Received:2022-01-07 Revised:2022-03-28 Online:2022-11-15 Published:2022-11-09
  • Contact: WANG Wenlin

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摘要：

探究澳洲坚果果皮发酵生产有机肥工艺,为澳洲坚果废弃物利用提供方法与依据。通过室内试验筛选出合适的辅料为麦麸、菌种添加量为3%、含水量为60%。以风干澳洲坚果果皮为堆制原料,加入麦麸,利用好氧菌进行分解,测定不同发酵时期养分与有机质含量变化,并对其进行评价。结果表明：当使用麦麸为辅料,按3%接种菌剂,前期（前40天）保持50%~60%的含水量,后期（40天后）不加水,堆制55天后,其碳氮比低于20%,有机质含量为89.1%,氮、磷、钾总量为5.19%,pH 6.92,含水量为25.79%,从外观形态来看呈现褐色,无臭味,质地柔软,完全腐熟,达到了国家有机肥标准。总之,利用澳洲坚果果皮废弃物发酵生产有机肥是处理澳洲坚果果皮废弃物行之有效的途径。

关键词: 澳洲坚果, 果皮, 发酵, 利用, 有机肥

Abstract:

Producing organic fertilizer by the fermentation of macadamia peel was studied to provide method and a basis for the utilization of macadamia peel waste. By laboratory test, the suitable auxiliary material was selected as wheat bran with 3% of bacterial agent inoculation and 60% water content. The dried macadamia peel was used as raw material for composting, wheat bran was added, and the decomposition was conducted with aerobic bacteria. The changes of nutrients and organic matter contents in different fermentation stages were measured and evaluated. The results showed that: when wheat bran was used as auxiliary material and bacteria agent was inoculated at 3% amount, under the condition of water content maintained at 50%-60% in the early stage (the first 40 days) and no water addition in the late stage (after the first 40 days), after 55 days of composting, the carbon to nitrogen ratio was lower than 20%, the organic matter content was 89.1%, the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 5.19%, pH was 6.92, and the water content was 25.79%. The products had brown color, no odor and soft texture, and were completely decomposed, which could meet the national standards of organic fertilizer. In conclusion, the fermentation of macadamia peel waste to produce organic fertilizer is an effective way of waste utilization.

Key words: macadamia, peel, fermentation, utilization, organic fertilizer

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