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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (35): 43-53.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0594

所属专题: 生物技术 农业生态

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

西安市农用地土壤有机质空间变异特征

孙喜军1(), 邓睿2, 吕爽1, 高莹3, 蔡苗1, 缑巧红4, 赵娟4   

  1. 1西安市农业技术推广中心,西安 710061
    2西安市高陵区农业技术推广中心,西安 710200
    3咸阳职业技术学院,陕西咸阳 712000
    4西安市临潼区农技推广服务中心,西安 710600
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-10 修回日期:2022-09-08 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2022-12-09
  • 作者简介:孙喜军,男,1985年出生,甘肃庆阳人,农艺师,硕士,研究方向:耕地质量保护与提升。通信地址:710061 陕西省西安市长安南路140号 西安市农业技术推广中心,Tel:029-85221626,E-mail:jlusxj@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    西安市科技局农业技术研发项目“西安市设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化现状及防控关键技术研究”(20NYYF0044);咸阳职业技术学院科研基金项目“4种改良剂防治设施土壤次生盐渍化效果研究”(2020KJC01);咸阳职业技术学院2021年度博士科研基金项目“国家中心城市近郊设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化现状及防控关键技术研究-以西安市为例”(2021BK03)

Spatial Variability Characteristics of Farmland Soil Organic Matter in Xi'an

SUN Xijun1(), DENG Rui2, LV Shuang1, GAO Ying3, CAI Miao1, GOU Qiaohong4, ZHAO Juan4   

  1. 1Xi’an Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Xi’an 710061
    2Xi’an Gaoling District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Xi’an 710200
    3Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000
    4Xi’an Lintong Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Xi’an 710600
  • Received:2022-07-10 Revised:2022-09-08 Online:2022-12-15 Published:2022-12-09

摘要:

准确识别区域农用地土壤有机质(Soil organic matter,SOM)空间变异规律及其影响因素,能为农业生产活动提供一定的科学指导。该研究以西安市为例,利用地统计学与GIS技术相结合的方法,对农用地SOM空间变异特征及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:研究区SOM平均含量为17.07±4.37 g/kg,变异系数为25.60%;SOM半方差函数的最佳理论模型为指数模型,模型块金系数为49.83%,说明研究区SOM空间变异受到结构性因素和随机性因素的双重影响;以东北—西南向为轴线,研究区SOM含量的空间分布大体呈现中部高而东西低的斑块状分布趋势;研究区SOM含量受土壤类型、土壤质地、地貌类型和土地利用类型的影响,并与pH、海拔存在显著的负相关关系。总体来看,研究区SOM丰缺等级属于中等水平,且不同区县农用地SOM含量极值差异较为明显,实际农业生产活动中需分区进行差异化施肥管理。

关键词: 地统计学, GIS, 土壤有机质, 空间变异, 土壤类型, 土壤质地, 地貌类型, 土地利用类型

Abstract:

Accurately identifying the spatial variability of soil organic matter (SOM) and its affecting factors in regional farmland can provide guidance for agricultural production. Taking Xi’an as an example, the spatial variability of farmland SOM and its affecting factors were analyzed by using geostatistics and GIS technology. The results showed that the average content of SOM in the study area was 17.07±4.37 g/kg, and the coefficient of variation (CV) was 25.60%. The best theoretical model of SOM semi-variance function was the exponential model, and the nugget coefficient of this model was 49.83%, which indicated that SOM spatial variability in the study area was affected by the dual effects of structure factors and random factors. Taking the northeast—southwest direction as the axis, the spatial distribution of SOM content in the study area generally showed a distribution trend of higher in the middle and lower in the east and west. The SOM content in the study area was affected by soil type, soil texture, landform type and land use type. Meanwhile, SOM content had significantly negative correlations with pH and altitude. Overall, the SOM abundance level in the study area was moderate, and the difference in SOM content of farmland soil in different counties was obvious. In agricultural production, differential fertilization management needs to be carried out in different regions.

Key words: geostatistics, GIS, soil organic matter, spatial variability, soil type, soil texture, landform type, land use type

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