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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (32): 32-37.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1107

所属专题: 生物技术

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

淋溶及有机肥对盐碱地改良及无患子生长的影响研究

李伟(), 徐忠华, 郑鸣洁()   

  1. 上海市政养护管理有限公司,上海 201103
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-18 修回日期:2022-02-13 出版日期:2022-11-15 发布日期:2022-11-09
  • 通讯作者: 郑鸣洁
  • 作者简介:李伟,男,1971年出生,江苏无锡人,工程师,本科,研究方向:市政工程养护。通信地址:201913 上海市崇明区长兴镇潘圆公路1502号 长江隧桥管控中心,Tel:021-60345417,E-mail: Wei_Li_1971@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市市政养护公司科研基金项目“高速公路复杂立地条件下植物栽植技术研究”(SHSZ20210077)

Effects of Leaching and Organic Fertilizer on Improvement of Saline-Alkali Soil and Growth of Sapindus mukorossi

LI Wei(), XU Zhonghua, ZHENG Mingjie()   

  1. Shanghai Municipal Maintenance Management Company, Shanghai 201103
  • Received:2021-11-18 Revised:2022-02-13 Online:2022-11-15 Published:2022-11-09
  • Contact: ZHENG Mingjie

摘要:

低成本、可持续、生态型改良方案对盐碱地改良具有重要意义。本研究采用室内土柱模拟和林地应用相结合的方式,研究淋洗、施加有机肥和铺设砾石对盐碱地的改良效果,并通过植物生长来检验改良方案。试验共设3个不同有机肥施加量,分别为10、15、20 cm厚,同时铺设10 cm厚砾石。结果显示:淋洗可降低土壤pH、电导率、钠吸附比(SAR),但也会使土壤同时损失一定的矿质养分。淋洗与有机肥结合效果更佳,可有效补充土壤有机质和其他大量矿质元素,淋洗及改良效果均与有机肥施加量呈正相关。与对照组相比,20 cm厚有机肥施加可使土壤pH降低7%、Na+含量降低28%、SAR降低45%,同时使土壤有机质、有效氮和有效磷含量分别增加37%、43%和73%。将20 cm有机肥施加量结合淋洗改良方案用于高速公路崇启段绿化工程土壤改良应用中,种植的无患子死亡率为零,叶片色泽正常,CO2和水汽交换旺盛。

关键词: 盐碱地, 淋洗, 有机肥, 砾石

Abstract:

Low cost, sustainable and ecological ways are of great significance to the improvement of saline-alkali soil. In this study, indoor simulated experiment and field application were simultaneously carried out to test the effects of leaching, organic fertilizer and gravel on the improvement of saline-alkali soil. The plant growth of Sapindus mukorossi was used to examine the improvement results. There were three different treatments, 10 cm depth of gravel adding 10, 15 and 20 cm depth of organic fertilizer respectively. The results showed that leaching reduced soil pH, electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and caused the loss of mineral nutrients. The combination of leaching and organic fertilizer produced better results because of the supplement of mineral nutrients and organic matter. The leaching and soil improvement effects were positively correlated with the addition of organic fertilizer. Compared with the control, 20 cm depth of organic fertilizer decreased soil pH by 7%, Na+ content by 28%, and SAR by 45%, but increased the content of soil organic matter, available nitrogen and available phosphorus by 37%, 43% and 73%, respectively. Leaching and 20 cm depth of organic fertilizer and 10 cm gravel were applied to soil improvement in landscape engineering, and for S. mukorossi, the leaf color was normal, the gas exchange was high and the death rate was zero.

Key words: saline-alkali soil, leaching, organic fertilizer, gravel

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