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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (23): 77-81.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0129

所属专题： 生物技术； 油料作物

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机硅土壤调理剂和功能肥对盐碱地的改良及向日葵产量的影响

刘娟1(), 梁俊梅2(), 段玉2, 闫洪1, 温晓亮1, 王瑞珍3, 李杉瑞1, 李二珍1, 仲生柱1, 李彬1   

  1. 1五原县农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015100
    2内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特 010031
    3五原县农村生态能源站,内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015100
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-03 修回日期:2021-06-18 出版日期:2022-08-15 发布日期:2022-08-08
  • 通讯作者: 梁俊梅
  • 作者简介:刘娟,女,1986年出生,内蒙古巴彦淖尔人,农艺师,本科,主要从事农业技术推广工作。通信地址：015100 内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县农牧和科技局,Tel：0478-7960122,E-mail： 675031006@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“农业废弃物资源高效利用研究与示范”(2019GG346)

Effects of Organosilicone Soil Conditioner and Functional Fertilizer on Saline-alkali Soil Improvement and Sunflower Yield

LIU Juan1(), LIANG Junmei2(), DUAN Yu2, YAN Hong1, WEN Xiaoliang1, WANG Ruizhen3, LI Shanrui1, LI Erzhen1, ZHONG Shengzhu1, LI Bing1   

  1. 1Wuyuan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia 015100
    2Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031
    3Wuyuan Rural Ecological Energy Station, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia 015100
  • Received:2021-02-03 Revised:2021-06-18 Online:2022-08-15 Published:2022-08-08
  • Contact: LIANG Junmei

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摘要：

为探讨有机硅土壤调理剂和有机硅功能底肥对河套灌区盐碱土壤碱化度、养分有效性及作物增产效果,在内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县通过采取田间小区试验设置3个处理：（1）有机硅土壤调理剂45 kg/hm2,有机硅功能肥7.5 kg/hm2;（2）有机硅土壤调理剂75 kg/hm2,有机硅功能底肥5 kg/hm2;（3）磷酸二铵 16.3 kg/hm2,氯化钾16.5 kg/hm2,尿素11.5 kg/hm2。结果表明：施用有机硅土壤调理剂后,可增加向日葵百粒重,进而增加向日葵产量,且随着有机硅土壤调理剂施用量的增加,向日葵产量呈上升趋势,施用量为75 kg/hm2时,增产幅度为9.0%,增产效果显著。在基施有机硅土壤调理剂45 kg/hm2和追施有机硅功能肥7.5 kg/hm2的前提下经济效益最佳,施用有机硅土壤调理剂后,可增加土壤有效养分,降低土壤pH、含盐量、碱化度和容重,可有效提高耕地质量和修复障碍层次。

关键词: 盐碱地, 有机硅, 向日葵, 理化性状, 产量

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of organosilicone soil conditioner and organosilicone functional base fertilizer on the alkalization degree of saline-alkali soil and the increase of crop yield in Hetao irrigation area, three treatments were set up through field plot experiment in Wuyuan County, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia: (1) organosilicone soil conditioner 45 kg/hm2 and organosilicone functional fertilizer 7.5 kg/hm2; (2) organosilicone soil conditioner 75 kg/hm2 and organosilicone functional base fertilizer 5 kg/hm2; (3) diammonium phosphate 16.3 kg/hm2, potassium chloride 16.5 kg/hm2, and urea 11.5 kg/hm2. The results showed that the application of organosilicone soil conditioner could increase the 100-grain weight of sunflower, and then increase the yield of sunflower. With the increase of the application amount of organosilicone soil conditioner, the yield of sunflower showed an upward trend. When the application amount of organosilicone soil conditioner was 75 kg/hm2, the yield increase range was 9.0%, and the yield increase effect was significant. Under the premise of 45 kg/hm2 of organosilicone soil conditioner and 7.5 kg/hm2 of organosilicone functional fertilizer, the economic benefit was the best. The application of organosilicone soil conditioner could increase the soil available nutrients, reduce the soil pH, salt content, alkalinity and bulk density, and effectively improve the quality of cultivated land, restore soil condition and reduce the level of obstacles to plant growth.

Key words: saline-alkali land, organosilicone, sunflower, physical and chemical properties, yield

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