钝化剂对卷丹百合镉含量及生理特性的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0748

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为降低卷丹百合镉含量,以生物炭、生石灰和蛇纹石为钝化材料,通过盆栽试验,探究钝化剂对土壤和卷丹百合不同器官镉含量的影响,并对相关生理指标进行检测。结果表明,3种钝化剂使土壤镉含量分别降低了11.8%、33.0%、17.1%,有效态镉降低了13.3%、26.7%、13.3%,pH分别提高了0.32、0.48、0.43。根、鳞茎、地上茎、叶、花镉含量在添加生物炭的情况下分别降低了8%、22%、15%、24%、2%,在添加生石灰的情况下分别降低了25%、30%、29%、34%、22%,在添加蛇纹石的情况下分别降低了19%、26%、16%、32%、26%。此外,3种钝化剂使丙二醛的含量分别降低了32.60%、51.20%、34.09%,脯氨酸含量分别降低了8.32%、16.76%、10.5%,过氧化氢酶活性分别增加了9.83%、18.12%、10.76%,超氧化物歧化酶活性分别增加了17.37%、38.76%、18.78%,过氧化物酶活性分别增加了9.42%、23.62%、10.68%。研究表明,3种钝化剂都能有效降低土壤和卷丹百合各器官的镉含量,提高植株抗镉胁迫能力,综合考虑生石灰的降镉效果最好。

关键词: 土壤重金属修复, 钝化剂, 卷丹百合, 镉含量, 生理特性

Abstract:

In order to reduce the cadmium content of Lilium lancifolium, biochar, quicklime and serpentine were used as passivators, to explore the effects of different passivators on cadmium content in soil and organs of L. lancifolium, and the related physiological indexes through pot experiments. The results showed that cadmium content in soil decreased by 11.8%, 33.0% and 17.1%, respectively, under the application of the 3 passivators, available cadmium content decreased by 13.3%, 26.7% and 13.3%, respectively, and pH increased by 0.32, 0.48 and 0.43, respectively. The cadmium content in roots, bulbs, stems, leaves and flowers decreased by 8%, 22%, 15%, 24% and 2% with biochar addition, 25%, 30%, 29%, 34% and 22% with quicklime addition, and 19%, 26%, 16%, 32% and 26% with serpentine addition, respectively. In addition, the 3 passivators decreased malondialdehyde content by 32.60%、51.20% and 34.09%, and proline content by 8.32%, 16.76% and 10.5%, respectively, and increased catalase activity by 9.83%, 18.12% and 10.76%, superoxide dismutase activity by 17.37%, 38.76% and 18.78%, and peroxidase activity by 9.42%, 23.62% and 10.68%, respectively. The results demonstrated that all of the 3 passivators could effectively reduce the cadmium content in soil and organs of L. lancifolium, and enhance the ability of plant to resist cadmium stress. On the whole, quicklime has the superior performance on reducing cadmium.

Key words: soil heavy metal remediation, passivator, Lilium lancifolium, cadmium content, physiological characteristics

中图分类号:

S369

雷星宇, 胡瑶, 邓钢桥, 李宏告, 张跃龙, 胡蝶, 李丽辉. 钝化剂对卷丹百合镉含量及生理特性的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(19): 66-72.

LEI Xingyu, HU Yao, DENG Gangqiao, LI Honggao, ZHANG Yuelong, HU Die, LI Lihui. Effects of Passivator on Cadmium Content and Physiological Characteristics of Lilium lancifolium[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(19): 66-72.

图/表 4

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处理	叶片数/片	株芽数/个	茎粗/cm	叶面积/cm²	鳞茎直径/cm	株高/cm
CK	67.00±6.50c	4.37±0.58a	0.72±0.07a	13.46±0.26a	5.6±0.50a	73.90±6.84a
T1	72.66±1.52b	5.66±3.51a	0.75±0.13a	15.11±1.61a	5.6±1.16a	74.27±2.34a
T2	85.33±5.85a	6.33±2.08a	0.74±0.09a	13.98±1.52a	6.4±0.91a	76.03±10.96a
T3	92.00±2.65a	8.33±2.52a	0.82±0.10a	13.50±1.00a	5.7±0.50a	83.43±3.27a

处理	叶片数/片	株芽数/个	茎粗/cm	叶面积/cm²	鳞茎直径/cm	株高/cm
CK	67.00±6.50c	4.37±0.58a	0.72±0.07a	13.46±0.26a	5.6±0.50a	73.90±6.84a
T1	72.66±1.52b	5.66±3.51a	0.75±0.13a	15.11±1.61a	5.6±1.16a	74.27±2.34a
T2	85.33±5.85a	6.33±2.08a	0.74±0.09a	13.98±1.52a	6.4±0.91a	76.03±10.96a
T3	92.00±2.65a	8.33±2.52a	0.82±0.10a	13.50±1.00a	5.7±0.50a	83.43±3.27a