拔节期干旱对不同玉米品种叶片生理特性的影响及抗旱性分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18120011

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 14-18.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18120011

所属专题：生物技术；玉米；农业气象

拔节期干旱对不同玉米品种叶片生理特性的影响及抗旱性分析

郭金生¹(), 曹丽茹¹^,², 张新¹, 张前进¹, 魏昕¹, 王振华¹, 鲁晓民¹()

⁽¹⁾河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,郑州 450002
⁽²⁾河南农业大学河南粮食作物协同创新中心,郑州 450002

收稿日期:2018-12-04 修回日期:2018-12-28 出版日期:2020-03-25 发布日期:2020-03-15
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“黄淮海区玉米种质改良及强优势杂交种创制”(2016YFD0101205-4);河南省农业科学院科研发展专项资金项目“玉米自交系全生育期抗旱种质筛选及抗旱性验证”(YNK201710603);河南省科技开放合作“玉米抗粗缩病基因的转移及分子辅助选择”(182106000040)

Drought Stress at Jointing Stage: Effects on Physiological Characteristics and Drought Resistance of Maize Varieties

Jinsheng Guo¹(), Liru Cao¹^,², Xin Zhang¹, Qianjin Zhang¹, Xin Wei¹, Zhenhua Wang¹, Xiaomin Lu¹()

⁽¹⁾Grain Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002
⁽²⁾Henan Agriculture University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Zhengzhou 450002

Received:2018-12-04 Revised:2018-12-28 Online:2020-03-25 Published:2020-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为筛选玉米抗旱品种及探究抗旱机制。本研究以目前主推的6个玉米品种为试验材料,在拔节期进行水分中度胁迫试验,分析干旱胁迫下6个玉米品种的丙二醛含量、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性。发现6个玉米品种在干旱胁迫下表现出了不同的生理响应机制,6个玉米品种叶片的丙二醛含量、叶绿素含量均不同幅度的显著下降,脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性均不同程度的显著升高。干旱胁迫下,尤其‘郑单988’和‘郑单6386’的MDA含量升高幅度较低,叶绿素含量下降幅度较小,抗氧化酶活性升高幅度较大,可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量较高;相反‘郑单958’相对于‘郑单6386’和‘郑单988’,生理生化层面表现出较弱的抗旱性。结果表明拔节期‘郑单988’和‘郑单6386’的抗旱性较‘郑单958’强。本研究结果对揭示玉米耐旱机理有一定的重要意义,并可以为玉米耐旱种质筛选、改良和分子育种提供有效的指导和参考。

关键词: 玉米, 品种, 拔节期, 旱胁迫, 生理特性, 抗旱性

Abstract:

The aims are to screen drought-resistant varieties and explore drought-resistant mechanisms of maize. Six maize varieties were selected as materials, and moderate water stress was carried out at jointing stage. The malondialdehyde content, chlorophyll content, soluble protein content and strontium ammonia of the six maize varieties were analyzed under drought stress. It was found that the six maize varieties showed different physiological response mechanisms under drought stress. The malondialdehyde content and chlorophyll content of the leaves of the six maize varieties decreased significantly, and the proline content, soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities increased significantly. Under drought stress, the increase of MDA content in ‘Zhengdan 988’ and ‘Zhengdan 6386’ was relatively low, the decrease of chlorophyll content was smaller, the activity of antioxidant enzyme increased, and the content of soluble protein and proline was higher. On the contrary, ‘Zhengdan958’ showed weaker drought resistance on the physiological and biochemical level than ‘Zhengdan 6386’ and ‘Zhengdan 988’. The results showed that the drought resistance of ‘Zhengdan 988’ and ‘Zhengdan 6386’ in jointing stage was stronger than that of ‘Zhengdan958’. The results have certain significance for revealing the drought tolerance mechanism of maize, and can provide guidance and reference for screening, improving and molecular breeding of drought-tolerant germplasm in maize.

Key words: maize, variety, jointing stage, drought stress, physiological characteristics, drought resistance

中图分类号:

S513.024

郭金生, 曹丽茹, 张新, 张前进, 魏昕, 王振华, 鲁晓民. 拔节期干旱对不同玉米品种叶片生理特性的影响及抗旱性分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(9): 14-18.

Jinsheng Guo, Liru Cao, Xin Zhang, Qianjin Zhang, Xin Wei, Zhenhua Wang, Xiaomin Lu. Drought Stress at Jointing Stage: Effects on Physiological Characteristics and Drought Resistance of Maize Varieties[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(9): 14-18.

图/表 6

图1. 旱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片MDA含量的影响**表示每个材料胁迫与对照之间在0.01水平达到极显著差异性,下同

图2. 旱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片Chl含量的影响

图3. 旱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片SOD活性的影响

图4. 旱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片POD活性的影响

图5. 旱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片可溶性蛋白含量的影响

图6. 旱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片脯氨酸含量的影响

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拔节期干旱对不同玉米品种叶片生理特性的影响及抗旱性分析

Drought Stress at Jointing Stage: Effects on Physiological Characteristics and Drought Resistance of Maize Varieties

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