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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 109-114.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-2516

所属专题： 耕地保护

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

民勤退耕地物种多样性与土壤养分及其相关性分析

韩福贵,魏林源,王理德,张莹花,王方琳,郭春秀,孙 涛   

  1. (甘肃省荒漠化防治与风沙灾害国家重点实验室/甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站/甘肃省治沙研究所,兰州 730070）
  • 收稿日期:2014-09-16 修回日期:2015-01-16 接受日期:2015-01-23 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 韩福贵
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学地区基金“石羊河中下游退耕地土壤系统演变规律及其驱动机制研究”(41161049)。

Analysis of Species Diversity and Soil Nutrition and the Correlation Between Them in the Abandoned Land in Minqin

Han Fugui, Wei Linyuan, Wang Lide, Zhang Yinghua, Wang Fanglin, Guo Chunxiu, Sun Tao   

  1. (The State Key Laboratory of Desertification Combating Prevention and Sandstorm Disaster of Gansu Province/Minqin National Studies Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem/Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou 730070)
  • Received:2014-09-16 Revised:2015-01-16 Accepted:2015-01-23 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要： 为了研究民勤绿洲退耕地的植被恢复、合理利用植被资源，笔者利用物种多样性理论、养分动态，研究退耕地植被演替过程、土壤养分的变化特征及其相关性。结果表明：（1）民勤绿洲退耕地植被演替过程中，植被恢复分为恢复阶段（退耕1~3年）、多年生草本演替阶段（退耕3~8年）、多年生灌木演替阶段（退耕8~24年）、多年生灌木植物稳定阶段（退耕24~31年），物种多样性也呈现一定的规律：植物群落丰富度指数、多样性指数、Shannon多样性指数、优势度指数在植被恢复过程中呈波动式减小的趋势，而Pielou和Alatalo指数呈波动式增大的趋势；（2）土壤养分在整个植被演替过程中总体呈现消耗—积累—稳定的趋势，演替初期阶段速效K、P消耗较少，演替中期土壤养分消耗较大，演替后期土壤养分处于积累状态，之后逐步趋于稳定状态；（3）物种多样性指数与土壤养分存在不同程度的相关性，Margalef指数与速效K呈极显著负相关，与全N呈显著相关，Simpson指数、Shanon-wiener指数分别与速效K呈极显著负相关，群落优势度指数与速效K呈极显著相关，Pielou指数、Alatulo指数分别与全N、有机质呈显著负相关。

关键词: 空间分布, 空间分布

Abstract: In order to research the vegetation restoration and use the resources reasonably, using the theory of species diversity and the dynamics of nutrient, the author studied the variation characteristics and correlation of vegetation succession process and soil nutrients. The result showed that during the process of vegetation succession in abandoned land in Minqin Oasis, the vegetation succession could be divided into stages as: vegetation restoration (1-3 years after farmland abandoning), succession of perennial herb (3-8 years after farmland abandoning), succession of perennial shrub (8-24 years after farmland abandoning) and stable stage of perennial shrub (24-31 years after farmland abandoning). Species diversity also presented certain regularity: the species richness index, the species diversity index, Shannon diversity index and superiority index presented a reducing tendency during the process of vegetation restoration; whereas the Pielou and Alatalo index presented a fluctuating increasing trend. Soil nutrition presented a tendency of consumption-accumulation-stability during the process of vegetation succession. There was less consumption of K and P at the initial stage, whereas there was more consumption of soil nutrition at the middle stage, and the soil nutrition was accumulated at the later stage and became stable. There was correlation between the species diversity and soil nutrition. Margalef index was significantly correlated with effective K and N. Simpson and Shannon-wiener index were significantly and negatively correlated with effective K, the community superiority index was significantly correlated with effective K, Pielou and Alatulo index were significantly and negatively correlated with total N and organic matter.