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中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (25): 133-138.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15020106

所属专题: 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

高能电子辐照对猕猴桃保鲜效果的影响

周慧娟 叶正文 施春晖骆军ZHOU Hui-juan YE Zheng-wen,叶正文   

  1. 上海市农业科学院,上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所
  • 收稿日期:2015-02-27 修回日期:2015-04-15 接受日期:2015-04-24 出版日期:2015-09-23 发布日期:2015-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 叶正文
  • 基金资助:
    科技部星火项目“猕猴桃标准化栽培及保鲜加工技术示范应用”(2009GA680002);2014 年度上海市科技兴农项目“猕猴桃栽培关键技术示范应用”[沪农科推字(2014)第4-3 号]。

Effect of Electron Beam on Fresh-keeping Quality of Kiwifruit

  • Received:2015-02-27 Revised:2015-04-15 Accepted:2015-04-24 Online:2015-09-23 Published:2015-09-23

摘要: 为探讨高能电子束对猕猴桃贮藏品质及生理生化的影响,以‘红阳’猕猴桃为试材,采用250、500、1000、1500 Gy 等不同剂量高能电子束辐照猕猴桃,置于温度为(1±1)℃、湿度85%~90%冷库中贮藏,研究不同剂量高能电子束辐照对猕猴桃保鲜效果的影响。结果表明,500~1000 Gy电子束辐照剂量为猕猴桃保鲜的适宜使用范围,结合冷藏温度为(1±0.5)℃、相对湿度为80%~90%贮藏技术,可显著降低果实的呼吸强度,显著抑制果实硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸及Vc含量的下降;对果皮及果肉叶绿素的降解有较强的抑制作用,减缓了贮藏期间果肉的褐变,较好地保持了膜完整性,有效地控制了猕猴桃采后的软化衰老进程,减少了其贮藏期间的腐烂变质,保持了果实鲜艳的外观色彩和果肉色泽。其中辐照剂量为500 Gy的电子束辐照处理结合低温贮藏,可使猕猴桃的安全保鲜期由原来的30 天(腐烂率低于10%)延长至80 天(腐烂率为0),Vc含量可达129.62 mg/100 g。1500 Gy的电子束辐照剂量在一定程度上对果实造成了伤害,为猕猴桃辐照保鲜工艺的临界点。

关键词: ‘河套’ 蜜瓜, ‘河套’ 蜜瓜, 采后, 活性氧代谢, 软化

Abstract: To investigate the effect of high energy electron beam on storage quality, physiology and phychemistry, kiwifruits of‘Hongyang’, which was the main variety of Shanghai, were stored at lowtemperature of (1±1)℃, RH 85%-90% after irradiation of 250, 500, 1000, 1500 Gy, the effects of different dosages on storage quality were studied. The results showed that appropriate dosage of high energy electron beam (500-1000 Gy) could restrain respiration intensity and the declining of firmness, titratable acidity, total soluble solids and Vc content significantly; slow down the degree of browning, alleviate deterioration of chlorophyll with pulp and peel during low-temperature storage. It could delay the senescence and reduce the rot of‘Hongyang’kiwifruit obviously. According to the results above, 500 Gy is the best dosage of high energy electron beam on‘Hongyang’kiwifruit. It can prolong the fresh-time from 30 d to 80 d. To the 80 d, the good fruit rate is kept at 100%, and the Vc content is maintained at 129.62 mg/100 g. The dosage of 1500 Gy which can damage‘Hongyang’kiwifruit is the critical point of electron beam irradiation.