欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (15): 125-129.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15110051

所属专题： 土壤重金属污染

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物炭对设施栽培土壤重金属Cd形态变化的影响

刘旭东,张润花,李志国,林处发,王斌才,汪爱华,黄兴学,周国林,钱运国   

  1. 武汉市蔬菜科学研究所栽培室,武汉市蔬菜科学研究所栽培室,中国科学院武汉植物园,武汉市农业科学技术研究院,武汉市蔬菜科学研究所栽培室,武汉市蔬菜科学研究所栽培室,武汉市蔬菜科学研究所栽培室,武汉市蔬菜科学研究所,武汉市蔬菜科学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-09 修回日期:2015-12-16 接受日期:2015-12-24 出版日期:2016-06-01 发布日期:2016-06-01
  • 通讯作者: 张润花
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金 “生物炭对设施菜地土壤重金属有效性和蔬菜品质的影响机制”(31201618),“生物炭施用对丹江口库区坡耕地水土与氮磷流失的影响机理研究”(41501313),武汉市科技计划创新项目“果蔬产品营养与安全风险控制研发”(Cxfzx201502,“武汉市蔬菜产品质量安全监测及防控技术研究”(CX201450 )。

Effect of Biochar on Heavy Metal Cd Fraction in Greenhouse Field

  • Received:2015-11-09 Revised:2015-12-16 Accepted:2015-12-24 Online:2016-06-01 Published:2016-06-01

PDF (PC)

587

摘要： 设施土壤重金属Cd污染问题备受关注,为阐明生物炭对设施栽培土壤重金属Cd污染的修复效果,试验设置B0(0 t/公顷)、B10(10t/公顷)和B20(20t/公顷)3个生物炭水平,研究生物炭增施对土壤Cd形态、含量以及生物有效性的影响。结果表明：生物炭施用显著增加设施土壤pH值和有机质含量,改变了土壤Cd的形态分布,氧化态、有机态和残渣态含量增加,交换态Cd含量降低。随着生物炭施用量的增加,土壤固定Cd的速率会增加。与对照相比,B10降低土壤交换态Cd 45-62％,而B20可降低66-89％。另外,试验还表明,生物炭对Cd污染较轻的设施大棚土壤有效态Cd的固定效果要好于Cd污染严重的设施大棚。因此,生物炭可以通过改变设施土壤Cd形态,降低土壤重金属有效性,但对受Cd污染严重的设施土壤的修复效果不好。

关键词: 土壤养分分布, 土壤养分分布, 全氮, 碱解氮, 速效磷, 速效钾, 孝义市

Abstract: Heavy metal pollution of greenhouse soils are of great concern. In order to find out the application effects of biochar on heavy metal Cd in greenhouse soil, three levels of biochar, B0 (0 t/ha), B10 (10 t/ha), B20 (20 t/ha), were designed. The effects of biochar on Cd bioavailability, fractions, and uptake of metals by lettuce plants in metal-contaminated greenhouse soils were studied. Results showed that the application of biochar increased soil pH and soil organic matter, and changed Cd fractions in the soil. There was a greater decrease in the exchangeable Cd fractions but an increase in the oxide- and organic-bound and residual fractions with the application of biochar. The rates of Cd immobilized in soil increased with the amount of biochar applied. The exchangeable Cd fractions in soils amended with B10 decreased by 45–62% and in soils amended with B20 by 66–89% compared with the control. In addition, the addition of biochar had better effect on Cd immobilization in the low heavy-metal-contaminated soils than in the high heavy-metal-contaminated soils. Therefore, the application of biochar could change Cd fraction of greenhouse soil, reducing the bioavailability of heavy metals in the soil, but had no effect when in heavily polluted Cd greenhouse soil.

中图分类号: