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中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 98-103.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16050012

所属专题: 资源与环境 现代农业发展与乡村振兴

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

国内大丽花品种资源保存现状及发展对策研究

杨群力,李仁娜,李艳,张昭,王琪   

  1. 陕西省西安植物园;陕西省植物研究所 西安,陕西省西安植物园;陕西省植物研究所 西安,陕西省西安植物园;陕西省植物研究所 西安,陕西省西安植物园;陕西省植物研究所 西安,陕西省西安植物园;陕西省植物研究所 西安
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-03 修回日期:2016-06-04 接受日期:2016-06-30 出版日期:2017-03-16 发布日期:2017-03-16
  • 通讯作者: 杨群力
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省科学院2014年平台项目“西安植物园珍稀特色植物繁育平台建设”(2014K-36);陕西省科技厅2014年农业科技攻关项目“亚热带植物驯化及水生花卉王莲栽培技术研究”(2014K01-09-01)

Variety Resources Preservation and Industrial Development of Dahlia pinnata in China——Take Lintao as an Example

  • Received:2016-05-03 Revised:2016-06-04 Accepted:2016-06-30 Online:2017-03-16 Published:2017-03-16

摘要: 甘肃省的临洮县在大丽花的育种、推广和产业发展方面处于全国领先地位,不但栽培面积广、从业人员多、品种自成体系、产品销往国内外,而且已成为中国国家地理保护产品,是名副其实的中国大丽花生产与销售中心。但近年来,临洮大丽花种植面积锐减、品种丢失严重、产业发展陷入低谷,同时国内其他地方的大丽花产业也面临着同样的问题。笔者通过查阅资料和实地调研,发现导致大丽花产业严重萎缩的原因有:(1)可耕土地与从业人员减少;(2)落后的设施条件跟不上产业发展的需求;(3)产品形态单一导致附加值低下;(4)缺乏理论指导限制了品种更新;(5)保护意识不强致使新品种流失严重等。并在此基础上提出了走出大丽花困境的对策:(1)加强大丽花育种与品种保护力度;(2)改变以农户为单元的落后经营模式;(3)构建现代化农业设施和物流平台;(4)开发大丽花新型产品;(5)通过花展活动带动地方经济与产业发展等。

关键词: 水稻干尖线虫, 水稻干尖线虫, 锌指蛋白, 卵母细胞形成

Abstract: Lintao of Gansu Province, as an important plant base of Dahlia pinnata, got the leading position in D. pinnata breeding, extension and industry development. Meanwhile, Lintao D. pinnata had not only the widest cultivated area, more practitioners, own varieties system and overseas sales, but also been the protection products of Chinese National Geographical, that became the center of D. pinnata production and sale in China. However, it was found that the D. pinnata planting area in Lintao decreased, varieties resources lost seriously and industrial development went into worst statue in recent years, so did other areas in China. After data analyses and on-the-spot investigations, author summarized the cause of severe atrophy of D. pinnata industry: (1) reduction of the arable land and the employees; (2) backward facilities could not keep up with industrial development; (3) little product form led low additional value; (4) the lack of theoretical guidance limited the variety renewal; (5) low of protection awareness resulted in lost of new varieties. Based on above, author proposed some strategies for recovery of D. pinnata industry: (1) to strengthen D. pinnata breeding and variety protection; (2) to change the backward operation mode of single farmer unit; (3) to construct the modern agricultural facilities and logistics platform; (4) to develop new products by research on the varieties resources; (5) to hold mass flower show for driving D. pinnata industry development.