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中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 9-15.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17010099

所属专题: 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

控释肥不同施肥位置及深度对小麦产量及根区土壤养分的影响

郭新送,丁方军,陈士更,孟庆羽   

  1. 山东省腐植酸高效利用工程技术研究中心,山东农大肥业科技有限公司,土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室;山东省腐植酸高效利用工程技术研究中心,山东农大肥业科技有限公司;山东农业大学 资源与环境学院,山东省腐植酸高效利用工程技术研究中心,山东农大肥业科技有限公司,山东省腐植酸高效利用工程技术研究中心,山东农大肥业科技有限公司
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-19 修回日期:2018-02-05 接受日期:2017-09-25 出版日期:2018-02-26 发布日期:2018-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 丁方军
  • 基金资助:
    十三五国家重点研发计划“化学肥料和农药减施增效综合技术研发”(2016YFD0201143);山东省重点研发计划“设施蔬菜水肥精准施用关 键技术研究与示范”(2017CXGC0206)。

Effect of Wheat Yield and Root Zone Soil Nutrients on Controlled-release Fertilizer’s Different Depth and Location Application

  • Received:2017-01-19 Revised:2018-02-05 Accepted:2017-09-25 Online:2018-02-26 Published:2018-02-26

摘要: 为筛选控释肥在小麦上的最佳施肥位置和深度,以实现小麦增产,肥料增效。设置种侧5 cm与种下的施肥位置和5 cm与10 cm的施肥深度,并将施肥位置与施肥深度交叉组合,进行盆栽与小区正交试验。控释肥种两侧5 cm和种侧5 cm+种下5 cm施用的小麦产量较高,较其他处理小麦产量提高7.16%~38.52%。控释肥种两侧5 cm和种侧5 cm+种下10 cm施用的小麦根区土壤无机态氮含量、有效磷及速效钾的含量均显著(P<0.05)高于其他处理。控释肥分层和分侧施用促进小麦对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收,可提高氮肥利用率,并以种下种两侧5 cm和种侧5 cm+种侧10 cm施用的氮肥利用率最高,较其他处理氮肥利用率平均提高35.6%。控释肥种两侧5 cm和种侧5 cm+种下10 cm施用为小麦产量与肥料利用率较高的2种优选施肥方式。

关键词: 农地经营规模, 农地经营规模, 生产性服务, 农业转型, 农户调查

Abstract: To screen out the optimum location and depth of controlled-release fertilizers application on wheat, and achieve yield and efficiency increase, the pot and plot orthogonal experiment were carried out by setting the location of fertilizer application at seed side 5 cm and under seed, and the depth of fertilizer application under seed 5 cm and 10 cm. The yield of controlled-release fertilizer application at seed both sides 5 cm and at seed side 5 cm + under seed 5 cm treatments were higher than the other treatments, which increased by 7.16%- 38.52% . The soil inorganic nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents of controlled-release fertilizer application at seed both sides 5 cm and at seed side 5 cm + under seed 10 cm were significantly (P <0.05) higher than that of the other treatments. The controlled-release fertilizer’s stratified and lateral application could promote the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in wheat, and increase the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency of wheat. Controlled-release fertilizer application at seed both sides 5 cm and at seed side 5 cm + under seed 10 cm had the highest nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, which increased by 35.6% averagely than other treatments. Controlled-release fertilizer application at seed both sides 5 cm and at seed side 5 cm + under seed 10 cm were the two kinds of optimum fertilization methods for high yield and high nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency of wheat.

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