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中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 112-117.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030110

所属专题: 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

渝西片区近45a气候变化特征及其对生产潜力的影响

张爽,李强,吉莉,马君,汪志辉,何遂,李光兵   

  1. 重庆市北碚区气象局,重庆市北碚区气象局,重庆市北碚区气象局,重庆市北碚区气象局,重庆市北碚区气象局,重庆市北碚区气象局,重庆市北碚区气象局
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-17 修回日期:2017-08-30 接受日期:2017-09-11 出版日期:2018-05-03 发布日期:2018-05-03
  • 通讯作者: 张爽
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市气象局青年基金(QNJJ-201612)。

Climate Change and Its Impact on Potential Productivity: In Western Chongqing During 1970-2014

  • Received:2017-03-17 Revised:2017-08-30 Accepted:2017-09-11 Online:2018-05-03 Published:2018-05-03

摘要: 本研究收集了重庆西部永川区、江津区、合川区、大足区、綦江区、荣昌区、铜梁区、璧山区、潼南区1970-2014年逐年温度和降水资料,分析了渝西片区近45a来农业气候资源及气候与农业生产力的同步变动关系,揭示渝西片区气候变化对气候生产力的影响。结果表明:渝西片区1970-2014年平均气温呈现一致上升的趋势,且上升趋势较为显著;年降雨量整体呈现下降的趋势,但趋势表现不明显;气候生产力整体呈微弱的下降趋势,趋势不明显。气温或者降水量任一要素增加均能使气候生产力上升,但降水是影响渝西片区气候生产力的主要因素。过去45a中,不同时期的气候生产力与气候环境共同形成不同的发展特征,表现为“冷湿型”、“暖干型”、“冷干型”三种类型,并依次呈现出逐渐降低的生产力水平。渝西西部的气候生产力对气温的平均敏感程度最高,而北部的气候生产力对降水的平均敏感程度最高。

关键词: 覆膜方式, 覆膜方式, 土壤水分, 土壤温度, 玉米产量

Abstract: In order to study the influence of climate on the productivity of western part of Chongqing, this paper collects the monthly temperature data and rainfall information of 9 counties (including Yongchuan district, Jiangjin district, Hechuan district, Dazu district, Qijiang district, Rongchang district, Tongliang district, Bishan district and Tongnan district) from 1970 to 2014.It analyzes special evolutionary characters of climate resources and climate productivity of agriculture for the last 45 years in western part of Chongqing, together with the possible influence future climate would have on climate productivity. The results showed that during 1970 to 2014, the average temperature of western part of Chongqing was in a significant trend of continuous increase; the annual rainfall volume had been decreasing, with an insignificant tendency;and the average value of climate productivity was slow downward trend, with insignificant changes. Any elements to increase the temperature or rainfall can make climate productivity rising, but the rainfall is the main factors influencing the climate productivity . For the past 45 years, under different climate environment, the comparison of climate productivities are briefly as followed: "cold-wet type"> "warm-dry type">"warm-dry type". Western part of this area has the most average sensitivity of climate productivity towards temperature, while the northern part recorded the most average sensitivity of climate productivity towards rainfall.

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