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中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (25): 37-42.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19030103

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

缓释肥对甜菜产质量和土壤中脲酶活性的影响

刘娜, 周芹   

  1. 黑龙江大学农作物研究院
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-25 修回日期:2019-08-03 接受日期:2019-05-22 出版日期:2019-09-05 发布日期:2019-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 周芹
  • 基金资助:
    国家甜菜现代农业产业技术体系项目“质量安全与营养品质评价”(CARS-170503);国家农产品质量安全风险评估专项经费“枸杞人参百 合糖料中典型污染物残留及关键控制点风险评估”(GJFP2019020);农业投入品和种植业产品质量综合管理技术支持服务-高毒高风险农药评价 (15197081)。

Slow-release Fertilizer: Effects on Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet and Soil Urease Activity

  • Received:2019-03-25 Revised:2019-08-03 Accepted:2019-05-22 Online:2019-09-05 Published:2019-09-05

摘要: 为了提高氮肥利用率,提高甜菜产质量,推广缓释肥料的使用。采用HI003为试材,研究了缓释肥料和普通肥料对甜菜叶绿素含量、干物质重、蔗糖含量、块根产量和含糖率、土壤脲酶活性的影响。结果表明:缓释肥料处理比普通肥料处理增加了叶片叶绿素含量,8月5日样品中,缓释肥料处理比普通肥料处理叶绿素含量提高12.22%,9月5日样品中,单纯缓释肥料处理比普通肥料处理叶绿素含量提高9.72%。在生育期前期,普通肥料处理的干物质重高于使用缓释肥料的处理;在生育后期,使用缓释肥料的处理的干物质重高于普通肥料处理。缓释肥料和普通肥料对甜菜叶片和块根蔗糖含量影响不显著。缓释肥的施用降低了甜菜生育期土壤脲酶活性。缓释肥料处理比普通肥料处理提高了甜菜块根产量和含糖量,三种处理中,普通肥料:缓释肥料=1:1,产糖量最高,效果最好。初步试验表明,缓释肥料对于甜菜的增产效果明显,有必要进一步对缓释肥料类型进行筛选,减少肥料使用量,减少施肥造成的环境污染。

关键词: 温州光唇鱼, 温州光唇鱼, 细胞色素b, 群体遗传结构, 皖南山区

Abstract: To increase the use efficiency of nitrogen, improve yield and quality of sugar beet and popularize the slow-release fertilizer application. We studied the effects of slow-release fertilizer and common fertilizer on the contents of chlorophyll, dry weight, sucrose, and the yield and quality of sugar beet, and the soil urease activity by adopting ‘HI003’ as experimental material. The results showed that: the chlorophyll content of slow release fertilizer treatment was 12.22% higher than that of common fertilizer on August 5 and 9.72% higher than that of common fertilizer on September 5, respectively; in the early growth stage, the dry weight of slow-release fertilizer treatment was lower than that of common fertilizer, however, the dry weight of slow-release fertilizer treatment was higher than that of common fertilizer in the later growth stage; the effects of slow release fertilizer and common fertilizer on the sucrose content in leaves and roots of sugar beet was not significant; the slow release fertilizer decreased soil urease activity in sugar beet growing stage; compared with common fertilizer, the slow-release fertilizer treatment increased the yield of root and sugar content; among the three treatments, 1:1 proportion of slow-release fertilizer and common fertilizer got the best performance and its sugar yield was higher than others. The experiment shows that the slow-release fertilizer contributes to the yield of sugar beet, so it is necessary to screen suitable slow-release, attempt to decrease fertilizer rate and reduce the environmental pollution caused by fertilizer.

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