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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (30): 112-118.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190500139

所属专题： 土壤重金属污染； 园艺

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

单一及复合绿色螯合剂对苋菜镉、砷的富集影响研究

张会曦, 梁普兴, 李颖仪, 单既亮, 谭丽婷   

  1. 佛山市农业科学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-13 修回日期:2019-06-26 接受日期:2019-07-18 出版日期:2019-10-25 发布日期:2019-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 梁普兴
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“珠三角镉砷和面源污染农田综合防治与修复技术示范项目”(2017YFD0801300)。

Single and Complex Green Chelates: Effect on the Enrichment of Cadmium and Arsenic in Amaranthus mangostanus L.

  • Received:2019-05-13 Revised:2019-06-26 Accepted:2019-07-18 Online:2019-10-25 Published:2019-10-25

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摘要： [目的]通过小区试验探究绿色螯合剂的复合施用在植物修复过程中的作用效果,以期为实际田间植物修复Cd、As污染土壤提供依据。[方法]在镉(Cd)、砷(As)污染菜地土壤中施加单一绿色螯合剂：3种小分子有机酸草酸(Oxalic acid, OA)、酒石酸(Tartaric acid, TA)、苹果酸(Malic acid, MA),2种氨基酸基螯合剂亚氨基二琥珀酸(Iminodisuccinic acid sodium salt, IDS)、聚天冬氨酸(Polyaspartic acid,PASP),并将小分子有机酸分别于与氨基酸基螯合剂进行复配,探究不同处理对田间苋菜(Amaranthus mangostanus L.)生长、重金属富集的影响。[结果]结果表明：PASP-MA、PASP-TA处理组产量显著高于对照组,其中PASP-MA处理组苋菜产量最高,为4.53 kg/m2；苋菜不同组织的重金属累积差异显著,地下部分Cd、As积累量均高于地上部分(P＜0.05),但富集系数均低于1,未达到超富集植物特征；从苋菜对Cd、As的富集系数来看,仅有IDS-MA处理组对两种重金属的植物修复同时起到强化作用；7个复配处理组均能提高苋菜Cd转运系数,最高达到0.90,超出对照组51.3%；复配处理中IDS-OA、IDS-PASP处理组的苋菜As转运系数显著高于对照组,分别比对照组高出1.88、0.11倍。[结论]苋菜生物量大,生长周期短,添加IDS-MA可以同时提高苋菜对Cd、As两种重金属的富集量,可为广东Cd、As污染菜地植物修复提供理论依据。

关键词: 耕地生态安全, 耕地生态安全, 经济发展, 协调发展模型, 福建省

Abstract: [Objective]To provide a basis for the actual field phytoremediation of soil contaminated by Cd and As, the effects of complex green chelates in process of phytoremediation was explored. [Method]Single green chelates was applied to the soil polluted by cadmium (Cd) and arsenic(As) in vegetable fields: OA(Oxalic acid), TA(Tartaric acid), MA(Malic acid), IDS(Iminodisuccinic acid sodium salt) and PASP(Polyaspartic acid), and we did a pairwise compounding to explore the effects of different treatments on the growth and heavy metals enrichment of amaranth in the field. [Result]The results showed that: the biomass of amaranth which had been treated by PASP-MA and PASP-TA, in which PASP-MA ranked first, and its biomass values were 4.53 kg/m2. There was a significant difference in the concentration of heavy metals in different organs of kenaf(P<0.05). The accumulation of heavy metals in the below-ground was higher than that in the above-ground, but the bioconcentration factors were < 1; thus, they did not reach the values as high hyperaccumulating plants. According to the bioaccumulation coefficients(BCF)of amaranth on Cd and As, only the 处理 of IDS-MA enhanced the phytoremediation of Cd and As. The transfer factor (TF) of amaranth to Cd was increased in 7 Complex 处理s in which the TF reach to 0.90, which was 51.3% higher than controls. In complex green chelates, the TF of amaranth which had been treated by IDS-MA and IDS-PASP was 1.88 and 0.11 times higher than controls. S[Conclusion]In general, amaranth has a large biomass and short growth cycle. The enrichment of Cd and As in amaranth could be improved by adding IDS-MA, and laid a theoreticalSfoundation for phytoremediation of Cd、As contaminated soil in Guangdong.

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