外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200300234

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究外源褪黑素在增强干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗生长适应性中的作用,降低干旱胁迫对玉米幼苗的伤害。以‘郑单958’玉米种子为试验材料,采用人工控水法,设置6组处理（CK、干旱、M1、M2、M3、M4）研究了干旱胁迫下,外源褪黑素对玉米幼苗生长指标、叶绿素含量、脯氨酸以及过氧化物酶活性的影响。试验结果表明,褪黑素有利于缓解干旱胁迫对玉米幼苗的影响,如株高、叶片含水量、根长,提高了干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗叶绿素合成能力,SPAD值升高;褪黑素可以缓解干旱对玉米幼苗的氧化胁迫,通过提高抗氧化酶活性,随着干旱胁迫天数的增加,各处理组过氧化物酶活性明显高于干旱组;脯氨酸含量随干旱胁迫天数增加而增高,干旱胁迫7天后,干旱组和其他处理组间脯氨酸含量存在显著差异。综合来看,外源褪黑素能提高干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗生长能力,主要通过提高抗氧化酶活性和叶绿素合成,降低膜脂过氧化水平。外源褪黑素能提高玉米抗旱性,可以作为植物生长调节剂应用到实际生产中。

关键词: 玉米, 干旱胁迫, 外源褪黑素, 脯氨酸, 生理特性

Abstract:

The paper aims to study the role of exogenous melatonin in enhancing the adaptability of maize seedling under drought stress and reduce the harm of drought stress to maize seedlings. The maize variety ‘Zhengdan 958’ was used as material. The artificial water regulation was used, and six treatments including CK, drought, M1, M2, M3 and M4 were designed to study the effects of exogenous melatonin on growth index, chlorophyll content, proline content and peroxidase activity of maize seedlings. The results showed that exogenous melatonin could alleviate the effect of drought stress on maize seedlings, such as plant height, leaf water content and root length, and improve the chlorophyll synthesis ability and SPAD value. Melatonin also alleviated the oxidative stress on maize seedlings through increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. With the increase of drought stress days, the peroxidase activity of each treatment group was significantly higher than that of drought group. The proline content increased with the increase of drought stress days, and there was a significant difference in the content of proline between the drought group and other treatments by seven days of drought stress. Taken together, exogenous melatonin can improve the growth ability of maize seedlings under drought stress, mainly by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and chlorophyll synthesis, reducing the level of membrane lipid peroxidation. Exogenous melatonin can improve the drought resistance of maize and be applied in field as a plant growth regulator.

Key words: maize, drought stress, exogenous melatonin, proline, physiological property

中图分类号:

S513

杜卓, 侯雯, 王丽, 李林, 张凯, 路运才. 外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(27): 14-19.

Du Zhuo, Hou Wen, Wang Li, Li Lin, Zhang Kai, Lu Yuncai. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Maize Seedlings Under Drought Stress[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(27): 14-19.

图/表 6

参考文献 29

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处理条件	株高/cm
处理条件	0 d	3 d	5 d	7 d
CK	32.90±1.01ab	42.07±0.67a	45.20±0.50a	45.83±0.55a
干旱	32.70±0.61b	39.77±0.25b	42.40±1.04bc	42.43±0.60b
M1	33.60±0.61ab	40.60±1.04ab	42.20±1.35c	44.03±0.95b
M2	34.13±0.15a	39.87±1.37b	43.40±1.47abc	43.53±0.75b
M3	33.27±0.55ab	40.87±0.60bc	44.13±1.03abc	42.83±1.26b
M4	33.20±0.55ab	41.47±0.35a	44.37±0.23ab	42.40±0.96b

处理条件	株高/cm
处理条件	0 d	3 d	5 d	7 d
CK	32.90±1.01ab	42.07±0.67a	45.20±0.50a	45.83±0.55a
干旱	32.70±0.61b	39.77±0.25b	42.40±1.04bc	42.43±0.60b
M1	33.60±0.61ab	40.60±1.04ab	42.20±1.35c	44.03±0.95b
M2	34.13±0.15a	39.87±1.37b	43.40±1.47abc	43.53±0.75b
M3	33.27±0.55ab	40.87±0.60bc	44.13±1.03abc	42.83±1.26b
M4	33.20±0.55ab	41.47±0.35a	44.37±0.23ab	42.40±0.96b

处理条件	叶片含水量/%
处理条件	0 d	3 d	5 d	7 d
CK	91.27±0.01ab	92.00±0.01a	92.33±0.01a	90.67±0.01a
干旱	90.63±0.00b	92.00±0.00a	92.00±0.00ab	87.76±0.01b
M1	90.57±0.02b	90.00±0.00c	91.00±0.00c	90.33±0.01a
M2	92.27±0.01ab	91.67±0.01ab	91.33±0.01bc	90.67±0.01a
M3	92.33±0.01ab	91.00±0.00b	92.00±0.00ab	90.33±0.01a
M4	92.77±0.01a	92.00±0.00a	92.33±0.01a	91.00±0.01a

处理条件	叶片含水量/%
处理条件	0 d	3 d	5 d	7 d
CK	91.27±0.01ab	92.00±0.01a	92.33±0.01a	90.67±0.01a
干旱	90.63±0.00b	92.00±0.00a	92.00±0.00ab	87.76±0.01b
M1	90.57±0.02b	90.00±0.00c	91.00±0.00c	90.33±0.01a
M2	92.27±0.01ab	91.67±0.01ab	91.33±0.01bc	90.67±0.01a
M3	92.33±0.01ab	91.00±0.00b	92.00±0.00ab	90.33±0.01a
M4	92.77±0.01a	92.00±0.00a	92.33±0.01a	91.00±0.01a

处理条件	根长/cm
处理条件	0 d	3 d	5 d	7 d
CK	32.83±0.76b	34.33±1.04cd	34.63±2.04c	36.80±1.25d
干旱	33.27±0.94b	33.67±0.58d	42.70±1.49a	43.90±2.23a
M1	33.83±0.76ab	36.40±0.17ab	37.90±0.36b	42.70±1.49ab
M2	33.50±0.50ab	35.47±1.17abc	38.13±0.81b	39.87±0.71c
M3	34.77±0.75a	36.83±0.29a	39.60±1.01b	40.53±0.92bc
M4	33.67±0.31ab	35.07±0.83bcd	40.03±0.06b	42.00±0.70abc