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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (11): 84-88.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0491

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于小时气温资料的桃树需冷量和需热量研究

朱晓翠1(), 郑健1, 陈妙金2, 沈艳1, 李军3(), 岳俗甲1, 杨怡曼1   

  1. 1浙江省宁波市奉化区气象局,浙江宁波 315500
    2宁波市奉化区水蜜桃研究所,浙江宁波 315500
    3上海市气候中心,上海 200030
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-09 修回日期:2021-07-22 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 李军
  • 作者简介:朱晓翠,女,1993年出生,浙江衢州人,工程师,硕士,研究方向:环境气象和农业气象。通信地址:315500 宁波市奉化区桃源路117号 宁波市奉化区气象局,Tel:0574-88955039,E-mail: Zhuxc93@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁波市气象科技计划项目“宁波市水蜜桃始花期多时间尺度预报模型研究”(NBX2020004C)

Chilling and Heat Requirement of Peach Tree Based on Hourly Temperature Data

ZHU Xiaocui1(), ZHENG Jian1, CHEN Miaojin2, SHEN Yan1, LI Jun3(), YUE Sujia, YANG Yiman1   

  1. 1Fenghua District Meteorological Bureau of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315500
    2Fenghua Peach Research Institute,Ningbo, Zhejiang 315500
    3Shanghai Meteorological Institute, Shanghai 200030
  • Received:2021-05-09 Revised:2021-07-22 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-05-18
  • Contact: LI Jun,YUE Sujia

摘要:

为寻求用气温资料确定桃树需热量和需冷量的途径,本文根据2006—2021年宁波市‘湖景蜜露’初花期和同期气温小时资料,应用变异系数和相关分析方法研究桃树需冷量和需热量。结果表明:宁波市‘湖景蜜露’需冷量为740 h(7.5℃模型),需热量为200℃·d(下限温度为4.5℃)。应用确定的‘湖景蜜露’需热量和需冷量计算了2006—2018年‘湖景蜜露’初花期,拟合值和实际值之间的R2、RMSE分别为0.4639、7.9天(n=13),相关系数(0.6811)通过了显著水平0.05的检验;2019—2021年独立样本检验的RMSE为2.6天,拟合和独立样本检验效果均较好。本文应用气温资料和落叶果树花期资料为确定需冷量和需热量提供了一种新方法,分析结果为‘湖景蜜露’促成栽培和初花期动态预测提供了技术依据。

关键词: 桃树, 小时气温, 需冷量, 需热量, 湖景蜜露, 落叶果树, 花期预测

Abstract:

To use temperature data to determine the chilling requirement and heat requirement of peach tree, the coefficient of variation and correlation analysis were adopted in the study based on the data of the beginning date of peach flowering of ‘Hujingmilu’ in Ningbo and the hourly temperature during the same period from 2006 to 2021. The results showed that the chilling requirement was 740 h based on 7.5℃ model and the heat requirement was 200℃·d with the lower limit temperature of 4.5℃ of Ningbo ‘Hujingmilu’. Using the determined heat and chilling requirement of ‘Hujingmilu’ to calculate the beginning date of peach flowering from 2006 to 2018, the R2 and RMSE between the fitted and actual value were 0.4639 and 7.9 d (n=13) respectively, and the correlation coefficient (0.6811) passed the test at the significance level of 0.05. The RMSE of the independent sample test from 2019 to 2021 was 2.6 d, both the fitting and independent sample tests got good results. This study could provide a method for determining the chilling and heat requirement by using temperature data and the flowering data of deciduous fruit trees, and the results could provide technical support for ‘Hujingmilu’ cultivation and the dynamic forecast for its beginning date of flowering.

Key words: peach tree, hourly temperature, chilling requirement, heat requirement, ‘Hujingmilu’, deciduous fruit tree, flowering forecast

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