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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (11): 89-95.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0962

所属专题: 美丽乡村建设 资源与环境 耕地保护

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

长春市建设用地扩张对耕地资源的影响

古丽娜尔·索尔达汗1(), 李晓燕1(), 石振宇1, 邢梓涵2, 吴海涛3   

  1. 1吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130012
    2中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130102
    3内蒙古自治区拐子湖气象站,内蒙古阿拉善盟735408
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-11 修回日期:2021-12-19 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 李晓燕
  • 作者简介:古丽娜尔·索尔达汗,女,1993年出生,新疆乌鲁木齐人,在读硕士,研究方向:城市化进程对环境的影响。通信地址:130012 吉林省长春市建设街2199号 吉林大学地球科学学院,Tel:0431-88502123,E-mail: glnes19@mails.jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省科技发展计划项目“吉林省中部玉米带城市化进程对耕层有机碳储量的影响”(20200201048JC)

The Impact of Construction Land Expansion on Arable Land Resources in Changchun

Gulinaer ·Suoerdahan1(), LI Xiaoyan1(), SHI Zhenyu1, XING Zihan2, WU Haitao3   

  1. 1College of Earth Sciences Jilin University, Changchun 130012
    2Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102
    3Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Guaizihu Meteorological Station, Alxa League, Inner Mongolia 735408
  • Received:2021-10-11 Revised:2021-12-19 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-05-18
  • Contact: LI Xiaoyan

摘要:

通过分析长春市区建设用地与耕地的时空变化特征及建设用地扩张对耕地的影响,为黑土区土地合理利用与耕地保护提供参考。本文采用2005年和2019年的Landsat TM/OLI遥感影像,基于面向对象-决策树的分类方法提取研究区土地利用信息,对长春市区建设用地和耕地的时空变化及建设用地对耕地数量、质量和结构的影响进行了研究。结果表明:2005年以来,长春市区建设用地扩张21163.30 hm2,而耕地面积则减少19011.81 hm2。新增加的建设用地占用耕地18170.84 hm2,为建设用地增加面积的85.33%,建设用地的扩张导致耕地破碎化程度增大;建设用地侵占的耕地多为优质耕地,Ⅰ~Ⅲ级的面积比例达72.17%。研究结果对协调黑土区快速城市化过程中耕地资源的保护具有重要的指导意义。

关键词: 黑土区, 建设用地, 耕地, GIS, 长春市

Abstract:

The temporal-spatial changes of construction land and arable land and the impact of construction land expansion on arable land in Changchun were studied to provide reference for rational use of land and protection of arable land in the black soil region. Land use information of the study area in 2005 and 2019 were extracted from Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing images using the object-oriented-decision tree classification method. Then the temporal-spatial changes of construction land and arable land and the impact of construction land on arable land in the aspect of quantity, quality and structure were studied. The results showed that the area of construction land had expanded by 21163.30 hm2 since 2005, while the area of arable land had decreased by 19011.81 hm2. Newly added construction land occupied 18170.84 hm2 of arable land, accounting for 85.33% of the total area of the increased construction land. The expansion of construction land also led to an increase in the degree of fragmentation of arable land; most of the arable land occupied by construction land was originally high-quality arable land and the proportion of the area of Grade I to III could reach 72.17%. The research results are of great significance for coordinating the protection of arable land resources in rapid urbanization in the black soil region.

Key words: black soil region, construction land, arable land, GIS, Changchun City

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