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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (21): 76-81.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0769

所属专题: 耕地保护

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

耕地质量提升技术及其应用

骆美1,2(), 郭龙1, 费坤1, 张天恩1, 李陈1, 马友华1()   

  1. 1农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室,安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥 230036
    2阜阳师范大学生物与食品工程学院,安徽阜阳 236037
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-09 修回日期:2021-10-12 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 马友华
  • 作者简介:骆美,女,1987年出生,安徽宿州人,讲师,博士研究生,研究方向:耕地质量提升研究。通信地址:230036 安徽省合肥市长江西路130号 安徽农业大学,Tel:0551-65786289,E-mail: olekfed22@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省高校协同创新项目“国产高分辨率对地观测系统安徽区域综合应用示范”(GXXT-2019-047);安徽省科技重大专项“现代农业遥感监测系统构建与产业化应用”(202003a06020002)

Cultivated Land Quality: Improving Technologies and Their Application

LUO Mei1,2(), GUO Long1, FEI Kun1, ZHANG Tianen1, LI Chen1, MA Youhua1()   

  1. 1School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036
    2School of Life and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui 236037
  • Received:2021-08-09 Revised:2021-10-12 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-08-23
  • Contact: MA Youhua

摘要:

合理引导农户采用具有提升耕地质量的技术对于提高土壤肥力、改善土壤健康,促进作物高产高效和耕地健康可持续至关重要。本研究分析了耕地质量提升的影响因素,综述了包括秸秆还田技术、绿肥种植技术、深耕深松技术、有机肥施用技术、测土配方施肥技术、水稻机械化侧深施肥技术、施用土壤调理剂技术和水肥一体化技术等耕地质量提升技术,对这些技术的优缺点进行归纳,总结应用措施。目前研究关注点主要集中在耕地质量提升技术的集成应用、农户各项技术采纳的差异性以及现代信息技术平台和设备产业化应用。最后提出应完善耕地多功能的技术标准和方法制定、强化高分遥感等信息技术对耕地质量进行监测与评价、提高耕地资源利用效率和健全农户生态补偿机制等方面的研究工作。

关键词: 耕地, 质量提升, 影响因素, 技术要点, 应用

Abstract:

Reasonably guiding farmers to adopt technologies that can improve the quality of cultivated land is very important to increase soil fertility, improve soil health, and promote high yield and efficiency of crops. This study analyzed the factors influencing the improvement of cultivated land quality, reviewed the improving technologies, including straw returning, green manure planting, deep ploughing and subsoiling, organic fertilizer applying, formula fertilization by soil testing, lateral deep fertilization for rice, soil conditioner applying and water-fertilizer integrating, and summarized the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies and their applied measures. At present, the research mainly focuses on the integrated application of the technologies for improving cultivated land quality, the differences of farmers’ adoption of various technologies, and the industrial application of modern information technology platform and equipment. It is proposed that we should improve the formulation of standards for multi-function technologies, strengthen the information technology such as high-scoring remote sensing to monitor and evaluate the quality of cultivated land, boost the utilization efficiency of cultivated land resources and perfect the ecological compensation mechanism for farmers.

Key words: cultivated land, quality improvement, influencing factors, technical points, application

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