吉林省主要肉用绵羊品种血液生理生化指标比较的研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了评价和比较吉林省利用较为广泛的3个绵羊品种的新陈代谢能力和抗病能力，对吉林省饲养的乾华肉用美利奴羊、萨福克羊和小尾寒羊的血液生理生化指标进行了测定和比较。结果发现3个绵羊品种的血液生理指标具有品种差异性。乾华肉用美利奴羊的MID%、GRAN、GRAN%、RBC、HCT、MCH、MCHC、PLT、PDW、PCT等血液生理指标值均显著高于黑头萨福克羊和小尾寒羊(P<0.05)；小尾寒羊的WBC指标值最高，乾华肉用美利奴羊次之，黑头萨福克最低，并存在品种间显著差异(P<0.05)；LYM在小尾寒羊血液中指标值显著高于另2个品种；黑头萨福克羊的血液中的MID、HGB、MCV指标值显著高于乾华肉用美利奴羊(P<0.05)，后者显著高于小尾寒羊的相应指标值(P<0.05)。而RDW-SD、RDW-CV、MPV、P-LCR等指标值则在3个绵羊品种间差异不显著(P>0.05)。3个绵羊品种的ALB、TP、TBIL、PHOS、GLU、CREA、GLO等7个生化指标值在各个品种间由高到低均表现为乾华肉用美利奴羊>黑头萨福克羊>小尾寒羊，并具有品种间差异(P<0.05)；BUN、CHOL、AMYL、ALT、ALK等生化指标值在各个品种间有明显的差异性(P<0.05)，BUN以萨福克羊最高，乾华肉用美利奴羊次之，小尾寒羊最低；CHOL以小尾寒羊最高，黑头萨福克羊次之，乾华肉用美利奴羊最低；AMYL以萨福克羊最高，乾华肉用美利奴羊次之，小尾寒羊最低；ALT的指标值为乾华肉用美利奴羊为最高，小尾寒羊次之，萨福克羊最低；ALK以黑头萨福克羊最高，乾华肉用美利奴羊次之，小尾寒羊最低。本研究为3个绵羊品种的饲养管理、选育提高、疾病监测和环境适应性提供理论参考。

关键词: 血常规指标, 血清生化指标, 品种间比较, 肉羊, 品种选育

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the metabolic capacity and disease resistance of three main meat sheep breeds in Jilin Province, the blood physiological and biochemical indexes of Qianhua mutton Merino sheep, Black-head Suffolk sheep and Small Tail Han sheep raised in Jilin Province were measured and compared. The results showed that the blood physiological indexes of the three sheep breeds were different. The blood physiological indexes such as MID%, GRAN, GRAN%, RBC, HCT, MCH, MCHC, PLT, PDW, and PCT of Qianhua mutton Merino sheep were significantly higher than those of Black-headed Suffolk sheep and Small Tailed Han sheep (P<0.05). The WBC index value of Small Tail Han sheep was the highest, followed by that of Qianhua mutton Merino sheep, and then that of Black-head Suffolk, and there were significant differences between the breeds (P<0.05). The index value of LYM in the blood of Small Tail Han sheep was significantly higher than that of the other two breeds. MID, HGB and MCV index values in blood of Black-headed Suffolk sheep were significantly higher than those of Qianhua mutton Merino sheep (P<0.05), and the above indexes of the latter were significantly higher than those of Small-tailed Han sheep (P<0.05). However, the index values of RDW-SD, RDW-CV, MPV and P-LCR were not significantly different among the three breeds (P>0.05). The sequence of the values of 7 biochemical indicators, including ALB, TP, TBIL, PHOS, GLU, CREA, and GLO of the three breeds, from high to low was as follows: Qianhua mutton Merino sheep> Black-headed Suffolk sheep> Small-tailed Han sheep, and there were differences between the breeds (P<0.05). BUN, CHOL, AMYL, ALT, ALK and other biochemical indexes had obvious differences among the breeds (P<0.05), and Black-head Suffolk sheep had the highest BUN, followed by Qianhua mutton Merino sheep, and Small Tail Han sheep had the lowest. CHOL of Small Tail Han sheep was the highest, followed by that of Black-head Suffolk sheep, and Qianhua mutton Merino sheep had the lowest CHOL. AMYL of Black-head Suffolk sheep was the highest, followed by that of Qianhua mutton Merino sheep, and the lowest was found in Small Tail Han sheep. The index value of ALT was the highest in Qianhua mutton Merino sheep, followed by that of Small Tail Han sheep, and then that of Suffolk sheep. ALK of Black-headed Suffolk sheep was the highest, followed by that of Qianhua mutton Merino sheep, and then that of Small-tailed Han sheep. This study provides theoretical reference for the feeding management, breeding improvement, disease monitoring and environmental adaptability enhancement of the three breeds.

Key words: blood routine indexes, serum biochemical indexes, comparison among breeds, mutton, breed selection

王光辉, 徐微, 王姣姣, 杨雨江, 姜怀志. 吉林省主要肉用绵羊品种血液生理生化指标比较的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(2): 82-87.

WANG Guanghui, XU Wei, WANG Jiaojiao, YANG Yujiang, JIANG Huaizhi. Comparative Study on Blood Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Main Meat Sheep Breeds in Jilin Province[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(2): 82-87.

图/表 2

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项目	小尾寒羊	黑头萨福克羊	乾华肉用美利奴羊
WBC×10⁹/（个/L）	38.78±5.12^a	36.32±4.08^b	37.63±3.84^c
LYM/%	81.87±5.33^a	80.63±4.17^b	75.24±3.25^c
MID/%	3.52±0.41^a	3.98±0.54^b	4.52±0.77^c
GRAN/%	14.82±1.33^a	18.23±1.35^b	19.14±1.29^c
LYM×10⁹/（个/L）	31.77±2.10^a	32.15±3.12^b	30.07±1.94^c
MID×10⁹/（个/L）	1.33±0.04^a	1.54±0.11^b	1.42±0.12^c
GRAN×10⁹/（个/L）	5.64±0.21^a	6.25±0.37^b	6.77±0.54^c
RBC×10⁹/（个/L）	4.85±0.33^a	5.76±0.71^b	6.54±0.45^c
HGB/(g/L)	126.88±8.46^a	132.13±9.13^b	128.31±8.66^c
HCT/%	24.61±2.17^a	26.45±3.13^b	27.16±3.16^c
MCV×10^-15/L	50.12±4.33^a	50.23±3.15^b	50.21±2.14^c
MCH×10^-12/L	25.77±3.15^a	27.87±3.15^b	29.65±3.15^c
MCHC/(g/L)	515.54±32.13^a	522.64±35.21^b	563.12±40.21^c
RDW-SD×10^-15/L	19.61±2.22^a	19.68±2.41^a	19.75±2.34^a
RDW-CV/%	12.73±1.09^a	12.76±1.12^a	12.84±1.15^a
PLT×10⁹/（个/L）	1014.25±89.67^a	1024.35±75.22^b	1033.11±67.53^c
MPV×10^-15/L	11.52±2.43^a	11.54±1.85^a	11.47±1.91^a
PDW/%	4.69±0.87^a	5.89±0.52^b	6.65±0.94^c
PCT/%	1.03±0.24^a	1.73±0.67^b	1.89±0.42^c
P-LCR/%	28.87±3.21^a	28.75±2.18^a	29.02±4.04^a

项目	小尾寒羊	黑头萨福克羊	乾华肉用美利奴羊
WBC×10⁹/（个/L）	38.78±5.12^a	36.32±4.08^b	37.63±3.84^c
LYM/%	81.87±5.33^a	80.63±4.17^b	75.24±3.25^c
MID/%	3.52±0.41^a	3.98±0.54^b	4.52±0.77^c
GRAN/%	14.82±1.33^a	18.23±1.35^b	19.14±1.29^c
LYM×10⁹/（个/L）	31.77±2.10^a	32.15±3.12^b	30.07±1.94^c
MID×10⁹/（个/L）	1.33±0.04^a	1.54±0.11^b	1.42±0.12^c
GRAN×10⁹/（个/L）	5.64±0.21^a	6.25±0.37^b	6.77±0.54^c
RBC×10⁹/（个/L）	4.85±0.33^a	5.76±0.71^b	6.54±0.45^c
HGB/(g/L)	126.88±8.46^a	132.13±9.13^b	128.31±8.66^c
HCT/%	24.61±2.17^a	26.45±3.13^b	27.16±3.16^c
MCV×10^-15/L	50.12±4.33^a	50.23±3.15^b	50.21±2.14^c
MCH×10^-12/L	25.77±3.15^a	27.87±3.15^b	29.65±3.15^c
MCHC/(g/L)	515.54±32.13^a	522.64±35.21^b	563.12±40.21^c
RDW-SD×10^-15/L	19.61±2.22^a	19.68±2.41^a	19.75±2.34^a
RDW-CV/%	12.73±1.09^a	12.76±1.12^a	12.84±1.15^a
PLT×10⁹/（个/L）	1014.25±89.67^a	1024.35±75.22^b	1033.11±67.53^c
MPV×10^-15/L	11.52±2.43^a	11.54±1.85^a	11.47±1.91^a
PDW/%	4.69±0.87^a	5.89±0.52^b	6.65±0.94^c
PCT/%	1.03±0.24^a	1.73±0.67^b	1.89±0.42^c
P-LCR/%	28.87±3.21^a	28.75±2.18^a	29.02±4.04^a

项目	小尾寒羊	黑头萨福克羊	乾华肉用美利奴羊
ALB/(g/L)	28.42±2.25^a	29.32±2.52^b	33.45±3.61^c
BUN/(mg/L)	186.14±42.15^a	206.13±33.23^b	198.14±33.25^c
TP/(g/L)	72.21±6.53^a	73.33±4.18^b	75.22±3.45^c
TBIL/(mg/L)	2.35±0.89^a	3.05±0.65^b	3.87±0.81^c
PHOS/(mg/L)	53.21±6.12^a	69.24±7.22^b	73.25±6.54^c
GLU/(mg/L)	635.65±61.24^a	705.67±63.14^b	735.64±60.21^c
CREA/(mg/L)	4.52±0.21^a	5.57±0.45^b	8.16±0.31^c
CHOL/(mg/L)	569.56±60.14^a	509.15±58.22^b	459.78±32.14^c
Ca/(mg/L)	102.61±11.12^a	105.64±10.21^b	103.10±13.15^a
AMYL/(U/L)	18.06±2.14^a	28.92±6.51^b	20.93±3.14^c
ALT/(U/L)	11.45±1.21^a	9.41±0.89^b	15.45±1.34^c
ALK/(U/L)	201.22±19.35^a	218.21±20.11^b	215.05±22.11^c
GLOB/(g/L)	33.35±6.43^a	38.22±4.15^b	40.21±3.08^c

项目	小尾寒羊	黑头萨福克羊	乾华肉用美利奴羊
ALB/(g/L)	28.42±2.25^a	29.32±2.52^b	33.45±3.61^c
BUN/(mg/L)	186.14±42.15^a	206.13±33.23^b	198.14±33.25^c
TP/(g/L)	72.21±6.53^a	73.33±4.18^b	75.22±3.45^c
TBIL/(mg/L)	2.35±0.89^a	3.05±0.65^b	3.87±0.81^c
PHOS/(mg/L)	53.21±6.12^a	69.24±7.22^b	73.25±6.54^c
GLU/(mg/L)	635.65±61.24^a	705.67±63.14^b	735.64±60.21^c
CREA/(mg/L)	4.52±0.21^a	5.57±0.45^b	8.16±0.31^c
CHOL/(mg/L)	569.56±60.14^a	509.15±58.22^b	459.78±32.14^c
Ca/(mg/L)	102.61±11.12^a	105.64±10.21^b	103.10±13.15^a
AMYL/(U/L)	18.06±2.14^a	28.92±6.51^b	20.93±3.14^c
ALT/(U/L)	11.45±1.21^a	9.41±0.89^b	15.45±1.34^c
ALK/(U/L)	201.22±19.35^a	218.21±20.11^b	215.05±22.11^c
GLOB/(g/L)	33.35±6.43^a	38.22±4.15^b	40.21±3.08^c