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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 37-43.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0130

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

6-酮型螺甾烷类化合物对猕猴桃产量及品质的影响

刘金娜1,2(), 张迪1,2, 叶嘉怡1, 周蒙2, 张存莉2()   

  1. 1杨凌职业技术学院，陕西杨凌 712100
    2西北农林科技大学生命科学学院，陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-03 修回日期:2022-07-20 出版日期:2023-02-05 发布日期:2023-01-31
  • 通讯作者: 张存莉，女，1967年出生，陕西泾阳人，教授，博士，主要从事植物化学资源开发利用研究。通信地址：712100 陕西省咸阳市杨陵区西北农林科技大学北校区，Tel：029-87092368，E-mail：cunli_zhang@nwsuaf.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:

    刘金娜，女，1988年出生，陕西杨陵人，讲师，博士，主要从事新型油菜甾醇类植物生长调节剂的筛选及产品研发。通信地址：712100 陕西省咸阳市杨陵区西农路10号 杨凌职业技术学院（西校区），Tel：029-87011248，E-mail：

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省教育厅2019年度专项科学研究计划项目“植物源型猕猴桃提质增效生长调节剂的研发及其应用技术研究”(19JK0984); 西安科技支撑计划“猕猴桃产业链技术体系研究与应用示范-猕猴桃新型生长调节剂的研发及其应用”(2017050NC/NY009-2); 杨凌职业技术学院自然科学研究基金项目“植物源型猕猴桃提质增效生长调节剂的研发及其应用技术研究”(A2017045)

Effects of 6-Carbonyl Spirostane Compounds on Fruit Quality and Yield of Kiwifruit

LIU Jinna1,2(), ZHANG Di1,2, YE Jiayi1, ZHOU Meng2, ZHANG Cunli2()   

  1. 1Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100
    2College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100
  • Received:2022-03-03 Revised:2022-07-20 Online:2023-02-05 Published:2023-01-31

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摘要：

为明确6-酮螺甾烷类化合物（LA和3,6-TCS）对猕猴桃产量和品质的影响，以‘徐香’猕猴桃为材料，清水处理作为对照，设置0.001% CPPU（氯吡脲）、0.500 mg/L LA、0.500 mg/L 3,6-TCS浸果结合喷施处理。结果表明，3 种生长调节剂均可显著增加猕猴桃叶片中叶绿素的含量、净光合速率、气孔导度及蒸腾速率，降低胞间二氧化碳浓度，提高果实产量；CPPU处理增产效果最为显著，增产率为11.45%；其次为LA处理，增产率为9.61%，且畸果率较CPPU处理降低了46.57%。3种生长调节剂均能不同程度地增加果实糖度，降低酸类物质的含量，提高糖酸比，改善猕猴桃口感。3,6-TCS处理果实糖度最大，可溶性蛋白的含量也最高，分别为9.83%和0.22 mg/g，较对照增加了50.77%和37.50%；糖酸比为8.42，较CUUP处理差异不显著。主成分分析显示，CPPU处理为最优处理，但是要考虑猕猴桃果形的美观；在保证猕猴桃产量的前提下LA处理增产效果最佳；3,6-TCS处理在确保猕猴桃硬度的前提下，同样能达到改善猕猴桃品质的作用。

关键词: 6-酮螺甾烷类化合物, 猕猴桃, 植物生长调节剂, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

To explore the effects of 6-carbonyl spirostane compounds (LA and 3,6-TCS) on fruit quality and yield of kiwifruit, taking ‘Xuxiang’ as experimental material, the field experiment consisted of 0.500 mg/L LA, 0.500 mg/L 3,6-TCS, and 0.001% CPPU for soaking and spraying was conducted, and equal amount of clear water was taken as control. The results showed that the three plant growth regulators could significantly improve the content of leaf chlorophyll compared with the control. The chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) were increased, while intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) was reduced, thus the fruit yield was increased. Compared with the control, the CPPU treatment and LA treatment increased the yield by 11.45% and 9.61% respectively. The rate of abnormal fruit of LA treatment was 46.57% lower than that of CPPU treatment. The three plant growth regulators could improve the taste by adjusting the soluble sugar content, reducing the amount of titratable acid, and improving sugar-acid ratio. The soluble sugar content of kiwifruit of 3,6-TCS treatment had the maximum value (9.83%), and was 50.77% higher than that of control treatment. The 3,6-TCS treatment increased soluble protein content (0.22 mg/g) by 37.5% compared with the LA. The sugar-acid ratio of 3,6-TCS treatment was up to 8.42, and there was no significant (P>0.05) difference with that of CPPU treatment. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that CPPU treatment could obtain the highest yield, the 3,6-TCS could improve the fruit quality while ensuring fruit hardness, and LA treatment could improve both the yield and fruit shape index.

Key words: 6-carbonyl spirostane compounds, kiwifruit, plant growth regulator, yield, quality