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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 67-73.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0077

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植环境及密度对水果青萝卜生长、产量和品质的影响

葛万晴(), 冯棣(), 张金磊, 孙小桉, 王志和, 祝海燕   

  1. 潍坊科技学院，山东寿光 262700
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-31 修回日期:2023-08-25 出版日期:2024-02-05 发布日期:2024-01-29
  • 通讯作者:
    冯棣，男，1985年出生，河北兴隆人，副教授，博士后，研究方向：水土资源高效利用。通信地址：262700 山东省潍坊市寿光市金光街1299号 潍坊科技学院贾思勰农学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    葛万晴，男，1998年出生，河南濮阳人，本科，研究方向：设施农业科学与工程。通信地址：300383 天津市西青区王稳庄镇 国家粳稻工程技术研究中心，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金面上项目“滨海重度盐碱地高矿化度咸水滴灌水盐调控机理与数值模拟”(ZR2021ME154); 西藏自治区自然科学基金项目“设施土壤生态利用技术模式研究与应用”(XZ202001ZR0067G); 潍坊科技学院校级课题“寿光全产业链蔬菜标准及标准化模式对蔬菜产业高质量发展作用机制研究”(2022XJSK06)

Effects of Planting Environment and Density on Growth, Yield and Quality of Fruit Radish

GE Wanqing(), FENG Di(), ZHANG Jinlei, SUN Xiao’an, WANG Zhihe, ZHU Haiyan   

  1. Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong 262700
  • Received:2023-01-31 Revised:2023-08-25 Published-:2024-02-05 Online:2024-01-29

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摘要：

为探究水果萝卜适宜的种植环境和密度，以水果青萝卜为供试对象，在推荐最大种植密度下分别采用厚土墙日光温室(R1)、拱棚(G1)、大田(L1)3个种植环境，在大田种植条件下设置111110棵/hm2(L1)、55555棵/hm2(L2)、27777棵/hm2(L3)3个种植密度处理，调查水果青萝卜的生长情况、产量和品质。结果表明，不同种植环境下，与L1相比，R1和G1处理的叶面积、叶鲜干质量、根鲜干质量、产量和可溶性糖含量增加，可溶性固形物、维生素C含量减少，且G1处理的根鲜干质量、产量和可溶性糖含量最高，分别为924 g、28.8 g、102.67 t/hm2、3.34%，与L1相比分别增加了52.98%、43.95%、52.99%、16.38%。在大田种植条件下，随着种植密度的增加，叶面积、叶鲜干质量、产量和可溶性糖含量先升高后降低，维生素C呈降低趋势，可溶性固形物含量先降低后升高，其中L2处理的产量与可溶性糖含量最高，分别为93.55 t/hm2、3.64%，较L1和L3处理产量分别升高了39.4%、99.04%，可溶性糖含量升高了26.83%、7.06%。综上，水果青萝卜在拱棚种植下生长最佳，适宜大田的种植密度为55555棵/hm2。

关键词: 水果青萝卜, 种植环境, 种植密度, 生长, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In order to explore the suitable planting environment and density of fruit radish, this study took fruit radish as the test object, and considered two factors of planting environment and planting density. Under the maximum recommended planting density of 111110 plants/hm2, three planting environments, thick earth wall solar greenhouse, arch shed and open field, were marked as R1, G1 and L1, respectively. Three planting densities of 111110, 55555 and 27777 plants/hm2 were set under open-air planting conditions, which were marked as L1, L2 and L3, respectively. The growth, yield and quality of fruit radish were investigated. The results showed that under different planting environments, compared with L1, the leaf area, leaf fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, yield and soluble sugar content of R1 and G1 treatments increased, while the contents of soluble solids and vitamin C decreased. The root fresh and dry weight, yield and soluble sugar content of G1 treatment were the highest, which were 924 g, 28.8 g, 102.67 t/hm2 and 3.34%, respectively, and increased by 52.98%, 43.95%, 52.99% and 16.38%, respectively, compared with L1. Under open-air planting conditions, with the increase of planting density, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves, yield and soluble sugar content increased first and then decreased, vitamin C decreased, and soluble solids content decreased first and then increased. The yield and soluble sugar content of L2 treatment were the highest, which were 93.55 t/hm2 and 3.64%, respectively. The yield were 39.4% and 99.04% higher than those of L1 and L3 treatment, respectively, and soluble sugar content increased by 26.83% and 7.06%, respectively. In summary, the fruit green radish grows best under the arch shed planting, and the suitable field planting density is 55555 plants/hm2.

Key words: fruit radish, planting environment, planting density, growth, yield, quality