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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (18): 118-122.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0755

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

3种发酵菌剂对小茴香秸秆高温堆肥效果的影响

韩阳花(), 张静, 刘德江, 周新明, 邱桃玉()   

  1. 新疆农业职业技术大学，新疆昌吉 831100
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-10 修回日期:2025-05-20 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-06
  • 通讯作者:
    邱桃玉，女，1979年出生，新疆昌吉人，副教授，博士，研究方向：农业废弃物综合利用、环境材料。通信地址：831100 新疆昌吉市文化东路29号 新疆农业职业技术大学，Tel：0994-2332824，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    韩阳花，女，1979年出生，新疆昌吉人，副教授，硕士，研究方向：农业生态环境、微生物应用技术以及理化分析检测。通信地址：831100 新疆昌吉市文化东路29号 新疆农业职业技术大学，Tel：0994-2332824，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    昌吉州庭州英才项目“土著益生菌对棉花秸秆基质化应用技术研究与示范”(2024TZXNYC000); 2022年自治区创新环境（人才、基地）建设专项“新疆棉花秸秆纤维素提取高值化利用关键技术研究”(2022D01A93)

Influence of Three Fermentation Inoculants on High-temperature Composting Efficiency of Fennel Straw

HAN Yanghua(), ZHANG Jing, LIU Dejiang, ZHOU Xinming, QIU Taoyu()   

  1. Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational and Technical University, Changji, Xinjiang 831100
  • Received:2024-12-10 Revised:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-25 Online:2025-07-06

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摘要：

为探究添加3种不同发酵菌剂对小茴香秸秆高温堆肥效果的影响，在新疆青河县阿格达拉镇中草药种植基地开展试验，将小茴香秸秆粉碎后分别添加枯草芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌、EM菌，设置处理1（100 kg秸秆+枯草芽孢杆菌50 g）、处理2（100 kg秸秆+假单胞菌50 g）、处理3（100 kg秸秆+EM菌50 g）、处理4（100 kg秸秆+枯草芽孢杆菌25 g+假单胞菌25 g）、处理5（100 kg秸秆不加菌剂自然发酵，CK）共5个处理，进行高温堆肥发酵性能的对比试验。结果显示，3种发酵菌剂均能显著促进小茴香秸秆的发酵速度，提高堆料的温度、腐殖酸含量及种子发芽率等腐熟指标，堆肥腐熟程度及质量效果从高到低依次为：假单胞菌+枯草芽孢杆菌>假单胞菌>枯草芽孢杆菌>EM菌>对照(CK)。试验发现，添加菌剂能显著提高小茴香秸秆堆肥发酵腐熟的程度，2种菌剂联合发酵的效果优于单一菌剂。研究以期为解决新疆小茴香（中草药）种植基地秸秆出路提供一个有效途径。

关键词: 小茴香秸秆, 发酵菌剂, 高温堆肥, 发酵效果, 影响

Abstract:

To explore the influence of adding three different fermentation inoculants on the high temperature composting efficiency of fennel straw, five treatments were set up in this experiment, including treatment 1 (100 kg straw + 50 g Bacillus subtilis), treatment 2 (100 kg straw + 50 g Pseudomonas), treatment 3 (100 kg straw + 50 g EM bacteria), treatment 4 (100 kg straw + 25 g Bacillus subtilis + 25 g Pseudomonas), treatment 5 (100 kg straw without microbial agent natural fermentation, CK). The comparative experiment was conducted in the Chinese herbal medicine planting base in Aghdala Town of Qinghe County, Xinjiang, on the high-temperature composting fermentation performance of pure fennel straw (without any microbial agents) by adding Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, EM bacteria. The results showed that all three fermentation agents could significantly promote the fermentation rate of fennel straw, increase the temperature, humic acid content, seed germination rate and other maturity indicators of the compost. The order of maturity and quality of compost was Pseudomonas + Bacillus subtilis>Pseudomonas>Bacillus subtilis>EM bacteria>control (CK). Adding bactericides could significantly improve the degree of composting and maturation of fennel straw, and the combined fermentation effect of the two bactericides is better than that of a single strain.

Key words: fennel straw, fermentation inoculants, high temperature composting, fermentation effect, influence