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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (27): 159-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0114

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    

养殖池塘水体异味物质土臭素与环境因子关系解析

钟立强1,2(), 周丽颖3, 张世勇1,2, 刘洪岩1,2, 陈校辉1,2, 王明华1,2()   

  1. 1 江苏省淡水水产研究所，南京 210017
    2 江苏省农业种质资源保护与利用平台，南京 210014
    3 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院，江苏扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-20 修回日期:2024-06-04 出版日期:2024-09-25 发布日期:2024-09-24
  • 通讯作者:
    王明华，女，1973年出生，江苏南京人，正高级工程师，研究方向：生态高效养殖。通信地址：210017 江苏省南京市建邺区茶亭东街79号，Tel：025-86581569，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    钟立强，男，1985年出生，江苏高邮人，副研究员，博士，主要从事水产健康养殖和鱼类育种研究。通信地址：210017 江苏省南京市建邺区茶亭东街79号，Tel：025-86581569，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“盐度差异对斑点叉尾鮰土腥味物质形成的调控机制研究”(32002378); 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项项目“国家特色淡水鱼产业技术体系”(CARS-46); 江苏现代农业（大宗鱼类）产业技术体系“种质创新与苗种繁育岗位”([JATS(2023)374])

Study on Relationship Between Odor Material Geosmin and Environmental Factors in Aquaculture Ponds

ZHONG Liqiang1,2(), ZHOU Liying3, ZHANG Shiyong1,2, LIU Hongyan1,2, CHEN Xiaohui1,2, WANG Minghua1,2()   

  1. 1 Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017
    2 The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014
    3 College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009
  • Received:2024-02-20 Revised:2024-06-04 Published:2024-09-25 Online:2024-09-24

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摘要：

本研究旨在分析淡水鱼产品消费和加工中的主要障碍之一——土腥味，特别是其关键异味物质土臭素（GSM）的影响因素。通过对江苏省84个养殖池塘的GSM浓度及其水体环境因子（包括盐度、pH、溶氧、温度、总悬浮物、总氮、总磷和高锰酸盐指数）的检测，采用相关性分析和通径分析方法，筛选出影响GSM的关键环境因子。结果显示，全部池塘中GSM检出率高达97.6%，检出的含量均值为(27.83±20.06) ng/L，大范围超过人类感知阈值；盐度和高锰酸盐指数对GSM产生较大的负向影响，且盐度和高锰酸盐指数的直接作用都大于间接作用，2个因子较为独立地对养殖池塘中的GSM起着负调控作用。因此，在水产养殖管理过程中，可以将盐度和高锰酸盐指数作为养殖池塘水体环境监测的重点环境因子，针对性地采取管理措施，进而改善养殖池塘水质，更有效、更方便地解决养殖水体和养殖产品的土腥味问题。

关键词: 异味物质, 土臭素, 养殖池塘, 盐度, 高锰酸盐指数, 水体环境因子, 土腥味, 水产养殖管理

Abstract:

This study aims to analyze one of the main obstacles in the consumption and processing of freshwater fish products - the earthy smell, especially its key odorant compound geosmin (GSM). By testing the GSM concentration in 84 aquaculture ponds in Jiangsu Province and their water environmental factors (including salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, total suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and permanganate index), correlation analysis and path analysis methods were used to screen out the key environmental factors affectingGSM. The results show that the detection rate of GSM in all ponds is as high as 97.6%, with an average detected content of (27.83±20.06) ng/L, which largely exceeds the human perception threshold; salinity and permanganate index have a significant negative impact on GSM, and the direct effects of both salinity and permanganate index are greater than their indirect effects, with these two factors independently playing a negative regulatory role in the GSM of aquaculture ponds. Therefore, in the process of aquaculture management, salinity and permanganate index can be taken as the key environmental factors for monitoring the water environment of aquaculture ponds, targeted management measures can be adopted accordingly, thereby improving the water quality of aquaculture ponds and more effectively and conveniently solving the problem of earthy smell in aquaculture water bodies and products.

Key words: odor material, geosmin, aquaculture pond, salinity, permanganate index, water body environmental factors, earthy-musty odor, aquaculture management