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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (13): 41-48.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0415

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

地膜和套袋对突尼斯软籽石榴果实品质的影响

张晓燕1(), 张钰婕2(), 王微2, 向怡洁2, 朱会娣3, 吴兴恩1, 洪明伟1, 赵敏1, 单荣辉1, 杨荣萍1()   

  1. 1 云南农业大学园林园艺学院，昆明 650201
    2 云南农业大学财务处，昆明 650201
    3 云南省龙陵县农业技术推广中心，云南龙陵 678300
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-27 修回日期:2025-03-21 出版日期:2025-05-05 发布日期:2025-05-07
  • 通讯作者:
    张钰婕，女，1991年出生，云南武定人，助理会计师，硕士研究生，研究方向：财会。通信地址：650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号 云南农业大学，E-mail：。
    杨荣萍，女，1967年出生，云南元谋人，高级实验师，硕士研究生，研究方向：主要从事果树种质资源、生理、栽培技术研究。通信地址：650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号 云南农业大学，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张晓燕，女，1998年出生，云南丽江人，在读硕士研究生，研究方向：果树生理、栽培技术研究。通信地址：650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号 云南农业大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省科学技术厅乡村振兴科技示范县项目“会泽县乡村振兴科技创新县建设”(202304BT090032); 教育部办公厅农业农村部办公厅中国科技部办公厅项目“中国农村专业技术协会云南永胜软籽石榴科技小院”(农技协发字〔2020〕27号); 云南农业大学第十七届学生科技创新创业行动基金项目“突尼斯软籽石榴铺设反光膜及不同摘袋时间比较研究”(2024Y0650)

Effect of Mulch and Bagging on Fruit Quality of Tunisian Soft-seed Pomegranate

ZHANG Xiaoyan1(), ZHANG Yujie2(), WANG Wei2, XIANG Yijie2, ZHU Huidi3, WU Xing’en1, HONG Mingwei1, ZHAO Min1, SHAN Ronghui1, YANG Rongping1()   

  1. 1 College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
    2 Finance Department, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
    3 Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Longling County, Longling, Yunnan 678300
  • Received:2024-06-27 Revised:2025-03-21 Published:2025-05-05 Online:2025-05-07

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摘要： 以突尼斯软籽石榴为试验材料，研究果园地面覆盖2种不同反光膜及套袋处理对树冠上、中、下层果实品质的影响。结果表明：（1）果园地面覆盖反光膜+套袋显著提高了果实着色面积，使果实着色均匀，其中水果增色反光膜+套袋处理的树冠下层果实比仅套袋果实着色面积显著提升了158%，银黑色反光地膜+套袋比仅套袋处理的树冠下层果实的着色面积提升了75.01%。（2）地面覆盖水果增色反光膜+套袋处理能显著提高树冠上层果实的总酚含量和树冠中层的类黄酮含量；地面覆盖水果增色反光膜+套袋处理和银黑色反光地膜+套袋处理能提高树冠中层果实的花青素、可溶性固形物的含量，以及树冠下层果实的葡萄糖、果糖含量，同时降低树冠下层果实的籽粒硬度；银黑色反光地膜+套袋处理能显著降低苹果酸、柠檬酸的含量，但2个处理对单果重、籽粒重量、横纵径、果皮厚度、抗坏血酸、蔗糖、酒石酸无显著性的影响。（3）相较银黑色反光地膜+套袋处理，水果增色反光膜+套袋处理能显著提高树冠上层果实的总酚含量、树冠中层果实的类黄酮、花青素含量和树冠下层果实的葡萄糖、果糖含量，降低树冠下层果实的籽粒硬度，同时还可促进树冠下层的果实着色；银黑色反光地膜+套袋处理仅对苹果酸、柠檬酸的处理效果优于水果增色反光膜+套袋处理。综上所述，水果增色反光膜+套袋处理效果最佳，可成为生产中促进果实品质提高的一种有效手段。

关键词: 突尼斯软籽石榴, 反光膜, 套袋, 果实品质, 着色

Abstract:

In this study, the effects of two different reflective films and bagging treatments on fruit quality in the upper, middle and lower canopy of orchard were studied. The results showed as follows. (1) The fruit coloration area was significantly improved by covering the ground with reflective film and bagging, and the fruit coloration area was significantly increased by 158% in the lower crown fruits treated with reflective film and bagging. The color area of the lower canopy fruit treated with silver-black reflective mulch+ bagging was significantly increased by 75.01% compared with that treated with bagging alone. (2) The total phenol content of fruit in upper crown and flavonoid content in middle crown were significantly increased by the treatment of ground-covered fruit enhanced reflective film and bagging. Both the ground-covered fruit enhanced reflective film+ bagging treatment and the silver-black reflective film+ bagging treatment can increase the contents of anthocyanins and soluble solids in the middle crown fruits, and the contents of glucose and fructose in the lower crown fruits, while reducing the kernel hardness of the lower crown fruits. The contents of malic acid and citric acid were significantly reduced by silver-black reflective mulch and bagging treatment, but the two treatments had no significant effects on single fruit weight, kernel weight, longitudinal diameter, peel thickness, ascorbic acid, sucrose and tartaric acid. (3) Compared with silver-black reflective film+ bagging treatment, fruit enhanced reflective film+ bagging treatment can significantly increase the total phenol content of upper crown fruits, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents of middle crown fruits, glucose and fructose contents of lower crown fruits, reduce the grain hardness of lower crown fruits, and promote the fruit coloring of lower crown fruits. Silver-black reflective mulch film+ bagging treatment only had a better treatment effect on malic acid and citric acid than fruit enhanced reflective film+ bagging treatment. In summary, the fruit enhanced reflective film+ bagging treatment has the best effect, and can become an effective means to promote the improvement of fruit quality in production.

Key words: Tunisian soft-seed pomegranate, reflective film, bagging, fruit quality, coloration