木霉菌W1生物有机肥对滨海番茄种植的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0479

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 100-106.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0479

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

木霉菌W1生物有机肥对滨海番茄种植的影响

王丽丽¹^,²(), 朱诗君¹, 卢晓红³, 金树权¹()

¹ 宁波市农业科学研究院，浙江宁波 315040
² 宁波市特色农产品质量安全检测与控制重点实验室，浙江宁波 315040
³ 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，北京 100193

收稿日期:2024-07-16 修回日期:2025-01-15 出版日期:2025-03-05 发布日期:2025-03-03
通讯作者:
金树权，男，1981年出生，浙江绍兴人，研究员，博士研究生，主要从事微生物菌剂菌肥的研发。通信地址：315040 浙江省宁波市鄞州区德厚街19号宁波市农业科学研究院，Tel：0574-89184035，E-mail：280617638@qq.com。
作者简介:
王丽丽，女，1987年出生，浙江绍兴人，农艺师，硕士，主要从事微生物肥料的研发和应用技术研究。通信地址：315040 浙江省宁波市鄞州区德厚街19号宁波市农业科学研究院，Tel：0574-89184045，E-mail：531546141@qq.com。
基金资助:
宁波市重大科技任务攻关项目“非粮化耕地和中低产田产能提升综合技术模式与应用”(2022Z169)

Biological Effects of Trichoderma W1 Bio-organic Fertilizer on Coastal Tomato Planting

WANG Lili¹^,²(), ZHU Shijun¹, LU Xiaohong³, JIN Shuquan¹()

¹ Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040
² Ningbo Key Laboratory of Testing and Control for Characteristic Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040
³ Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193

Received:2024-07-16 Revised:2025-01-15 Published:2025-03-05 Online:2025-03-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究木霉生物有机肥对盐碱地的改良作用，以木霉菌为研究对象，在室内采用平板生长法研究木霉菌耐盐能力和菌丝体形态特征，并在宁波滨海盐土田间试验中研究木霉生物有机肥对番茄生长特征的影响。田间试验设置不施肥(CK)、复合肥2200 kg/hm²(T₁)、木霉生物有机肥9 t/hm²(T₂)、木霉生物有机肥18 t/hm²(T₃)和木霉生物有机肥6 t/hm²+复合肥1500 kg/hm²(T₄)5个处理。结果表明，木霉菌W1在含盐平板中的生长能力较菌株LX-132好。结合木霉菌W1的菌丝体特征，并通过进化树分析，初步鉴定其为棘孢木霉(Trichoderma asperellum)。施用W1木霉生物有机肥(T₂、T₃、T₄)的土壤有机质含量高于不施用木霉生物有机肥的处理(CK、T₁)，其中T₃处理相比CK、T₁分别增加了16.5%、10.7%。施用W1木霉生物有机肥的处理的番茄产量和品质均明显优于CK、T₁，其中T₃处理的番茄维生素C含量和糖酸比最高，分别比CK提高了5.39%、6.18%，比T₁分别提高了2.35%、4.71%。施用木霉生物有机肥+复合肥处理增产效果最为明显，T₄处理的产量较CK、T₁分别增加了117%、6.26%。研究结果可以为新型生物有机肥的开发提供理论依据。

关键词: 盐碱地, 生物有机肥, 木霉菌, 棘孢木霉, 耐盐性, 土壤养分, 番茄, 品质

Abstract:

In order to investigate the impact of Trichoderma-enriched bio-organic fertilizer on the yield, quality and soil nutrient availability in tomatoes cultivated in costal saline soil, the salt tolerance and mycelial morphology of two Trichoderma spp. were examined using plate growth. A field experiment was conducted in Ningbo coastal saline soil, with five treatment groups: no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer at a rate of 2200 kg/hm² (T₁), bio-organic fertilizer at a rate of 9 t/hm² (T₂), bio-organic fertilizer at a rate of 18 t/hm² (T₃), and bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer at rates of 6 t/hm²+1500 kg/hm²(T₄), respectively. The bio-organic fertilizer was prepared using T. asperellum W1 strain. Lab experiment indicated that T. asperellum W1 exhibited superior growth ability compared to Trichoderma LX-132, thus validating its suitability for further testing. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis and mycelial morphology, W1 was provisionally identified as T. asperellum. Field experiment demonstrated that the application of bio-organic fertilizer resulted in higher organic matter content compared to non-bio-organic fertilizer treatments. Specifically, T₃ showed an increase in organic matter content by 16.5% and 10.7% when compared with CK and T₁, respectively. The bio-organic fertilizer treatment also led to improved quality and higher yields, with T₃ having the highest Vc content and sugar-acid ratio. These values increased by 5.39% and 6.18% compared to CK, and by 2.35% and 4.71% compared to T₁, respectively. The combination of bio-organic and chemical fertilizer (T₄) exhibited the most significant yield-increasing effect, with T₄ showing an increase of 117% and 6.26% compared to CK and T₁, respectively. The results of this research provide technical support and a theoretical foundation for the development of new bio-organic fertilizers.

Key words: saline land, bio-organic fertilizer, Trichoderma, Trichoderma asperellum, salt tolerance, soil nutrient, tomato, quality

王丽丽, 朱诗君, 卢晓红, 金树权. 木霉菌W1生物有机肥对滨海番茄种植的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(7): 100-106.

WANG Lili, ZHU Shijun, LU Xiaohong, JIN Shuquan. Biological Effects of Trichoderma W1 Bio-organic Fertilizer on Coastal Tomato Planting[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(7): 100-106.

图/表 6

参考文献 37

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处理	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
CK	7.48±0.06a	10.10±0.30c	1.05±0.06c	61.13±3.75c	48.37±4.70b	82.00±7.14c
T₁	7.46±0.06a	10.63±0.70bc	1.72±0.03a	89.00±1.97a	80.87±5.91a	196.27±6.39a
T₂	7.34±0.05b	11.53±0.55ab	1.60±0.03b	83.80±3.15b	73.80±1.37a	169.93±5.26b
T₃	7.24±0.08c	11.77±0.49a	1.59±0.06b	84.77±2.45b	75.77±3.06a	172.77±3.40b
T₄	7.36±0.10b	11.37±0.47ab	1.74±0.03a	87.30±2.61ab	75.43±1.82a	189.23±1.80a

处理	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
CK	7.48±0.06a	10.10±0.30c	1.05±0.06c	61.13±3.75c	48.37±4.70b	82.00±7.14c
T₁	7.46±0.06a	10.63±0.70bc	1.72±0.03a	89.00±1.97a	80.87±5.91a	196.27±6.39a
T₂	7.34±0.05b	11.53±0.55ab	1.60±0.03b	83.80±3.15b	73.80±1.37a	169.93±5.26b
T₃	7.24±0.08c	11.77±0.49a	1.59±0.06b	84.77±2.45b	75.77±3.06a	172.77±3.40b
T₄	7.36±0.10b	11.37±0.47ab	1.74±0.03a	87.30±2.61ab	75.43±1.82a	189.23±1.80a

处理	可溶性固形物/%	可滴定酸/%	维生素C/(µg/mL)	糖酸比	产量/(kg/hm²)
CK	5.00±0.10b	1.40±0.02a	85.40±1.01c	3.56±0.10c	33939 ±2829.1c
T₁	5.00±0.10b	1.39±0.01ab	87.93±0.84b	3.61±0.05bc	69229 ±524.4b
T₂	5.10±0.10ab	1.37±0.02b	88.67±1.12b	3.72±0.12ab	70468 ±934.7b
T₃	5.23±0.12a	1.38±0.02ab	90.00±0.17a	3.78±0.06a	70480±849.4b
T₄	5.07±0.12ab	1.37±0.01b	88.63±0.74b	3.70±0.11ab	73566±250.9a

处理	可溶性固形物/%	可滴定酸/%	维生素C/(µg/mL)	糖酸比	产量/(kg/hm²)
CK	5.00±0.10b	1.40±0.02a	85.40±1.01c	3.56±0.10c	33939 ±2829.1c
T₁	5.00±0.10b	1.39±0.01ab	87.93±0.84b	3.61±0.05bc	69229 ±524.4b
T₂	5.10±0.10ab	1.37±0.02b	88.67±1.12b	3.72±0.12ab	70468 ±934.7b
T₃	5.23±0.12a	1.38±0.02ab	90.00±0.17a	3.78±0.06a	70480±849.4b
T₄	5.07±0.12ab	1.37±0.01b	88.63±0.74b	3.70±0.11ab	73566±250.9a

木霉菌W1生物有机肥对滨海番茄种植的影响

Biological Effects of Trichoderma W1 Bio-organic Fertilizer on Coastal Tomato Planting

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