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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (19): 143-150.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0649

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

紫锥菊不同器官挥发性成分分析

黄华希1,2(), 卢恩科3, 臧青民3, 徐世娟4, 陈荣1(), 刘秦3()   

  1. 1 伊犁师范大学生物科学与技术学院,新疆伊宁 835000
    2 伊犁师范大学伊犁河谷资源植物保护与利用重点实验室,新疆伊宁 835000
    3 玉林师范学院,广西玉林 537000
    4 红河学院,云南蒙自 661100
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-30 修回日期:2025-03-17 出版日期:2025-07-05 发布日期:2025-07-10
  • 通讯作者:
    陈荣,男,1977年出生,湖南祁阳人,教授,博士,主要从事药用植物遗传育种与资源利用研究。通信地址:835000 新疆伊宁市解放西路448号 伊犁师范大学生物科学与技术学院,E-mail:
    刘秦,男,1986年出生,湖北黄冈人,副教授,博士,主要从事药用植物保护生物学研究。通信地址:537000 广西玉林市玉州区教育中路298号 玉林师范学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    黄华希,女,1982年出生,广西象州人,高级实验师,硕士,研究方向为化学分离分析。通信地址:835000 新疆伊宁市解放西路448号 伊犁师范大学生物科学与技术学院,Tel:0999-8996985,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    广西自然科学基金面上项目“抗病毒草药紫锥菊跨倍性杂交的遗传规律及种质创新”(2022GXNSFAA035544); 国家自然科学基金资助项目“紫锥菊主效成分性状的遗传规律及优异种质筛选”(31660090); 新疆维吾尔自治区第三批天池英才创新领军人才项目(2025CXLJ004)

Analysis of Volatile Oil Components in Different Organs of Echinacea purpurea

HUANG Huaxi1,2(), LU Enke3, ZANG Qingmin3, XU Shijuan4, CHEN Rong1(), LIU Qin3()   

  1. 1 College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang 835000
    2 Key Laboratory for Resource Plants Protection and Utilization of Yili Valley in Xinjiang, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang 835000
    3 Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi 537000
    4 Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100
  • Received:2024-10-30 Revised:2025-03-17 Published:2025-07-05 Online:2025-07-10

摘要:

对云南省蒙自市引种紫锥菊不同器官的挥发性成分及相对含量进行比较分析,以期为今后资源利用提供参考。采用气质联用(GC-MS)技术结合顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)对紫锥菊各器官中的挥发性成分进行分析鉴定。在根、茎、叶、头状花序、花序梗中共鉴定出化合物92种,鉴定出成分的相对含量依次占总挥发性成分的90.034%、90.143%、91.411%、94.279%和89.016%。各器官中挥发性成分以萜烯类、醇类、醛类、酮类、稠环芳香烃类和烷烃类为主。根、茎、叶、头状花序、花序梗中萜烯类成分的相对含量最高,依次分别为66.216%、69.396%、63.818%、58.93%、40.62%;且各器官萜烯类成分的组成不同,根、茎中的萜烯类成分以1-十八烷烯最高,其次是β-石竹烯;叶中萜烯类成分以大根香叶烯D最高,其次为石竹素;头状花序中萜烯类成分以石竹素最高,其次是α-律草烯;花序梗中萜烯类成分以石竹素最高,其次为大根香叶烯D。鉴定出的挥发性成分部分具有抑菌、抗炎、抗癌等药理作用,对人体发育和心脑血管保健有积极作用。研究结果可为引种紫锥菊的药材品质评价和产品开发提供参考。

关键词: 紫锥菊, 挥发油, 固相微萃取, 气质联用, 引种, 器官, 相对含量

Abstract:

The volatile components and relative contents in different organs of Echinacea purpurea, introduced in Mengzi City, Yunnan Province, were analyzed through experiments, providing experimental data for their comprehensive development and utilization. The volatile components in the organs of E. purpurea were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). The compositions of 92 compounds were identified in total. The identified components in roots, stems, leaves, capitulum and peduncles accounted for 90.034%, 90.143%, 91.411%, 94.279%, and 89.016% of their total volatile components, respectively, mainly terpenes, alcohols, ketones, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanes and aldehydes. The relative content of terpenes was the highest in the roots, stems, leaves, capitulum, and peduncles, with percentages of 66.216%, 69.396%, 63.818%, 58.93%, and 40.62% respectively. The composition of terpenes in different organs was different. The highest terpenes in roots and stems were 1-octadecenyl followed by β-caryophyllene. The highest terpenes in leaves was germacrene D, followed by caryophyllin. The highest terpenes in capitulum was caryophyllin, followed by a-cyclohexene. The highest terpenes in peduncles was caryophyllin, followed by germacrene D. Some of the volatile components identified in this study have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer pharmacological effects, and some have positive effects on human development and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health care. The research results provide a reference for the quality evaluation and product development of E. purpurea.

Key words: Echinacea purpurea, volatile oil, HS-SPME, GC-MS, introduction, organs, relative content