外源物对多环芳烃抑制厌氧消化的缓解作用研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0741

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 74-81.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0741

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

外源物对多环芳烃抑制厌氧消化的缓解作用研究进展

孙喜圆(), 敖国旭, 王兆轩, 葛菁萍, 凌宏志(), 孙珊珊()

黑龙江大学生命科学学院，农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心，黑龙江省寒区植物基因与生物发酵重点实验室，黑龙江省普通高校微生物重点实验室，哈尔滨 150080

收稿日期:2024-11-26 修回日期:2025-02-19 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-04-11
通讯作者:
凌宏志，男，1979年出生，黑龙江哈尔滨人，教授，博士，研究方向：微生物资源挖掘与利用。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号黑龙江大学生命科学学院，E-mail：linghongzhi@163.com。
孙珊珊，女，1990年出生，黑龙江绥化人，副教授，博士，研究方向：微生物次生代谢产物与生理。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号黑龙江大学224信箱，Tel：0451-86609016，E-mail：2022043@hlju.edu.cn。
作者简介:
孙喜圆，男，2001年出生，黑龙江牡丹江人，硕士，研究方向：微生物资源挖掘与利用。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号黑龙江大学生命科学学院，E-mail：2241736@s.hlju.edu.cn。
基金资助:
黑龙江省生态环境厅项目“土壤污染物PET降解菌的协同代谢及修复效果初探”(HST2022TR005); 黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目“聚乙烯微塑料对污染物雌二醇命运的影响及土壤微生物群落的响应机制”(2024-KYYWF-0087); 黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目“探究零价铁及微塑料对有机固废厌氧消化的不同机制”(2024-KYYWF-0128)

Research Progress on Relieving Effect of Exogenous Substances on Inhibition of Anaerobic Digestion by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

SUN Xiyuan(), AO Guoxu, WANG Zhaoxuan, GE Jingping, LING Hongzhi(), SUN Shanshan()

Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education / Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region / Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province / School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080

Received:2024-11-26 Revised:2025-02-19 Published:2025-04-15 Online:2025-04-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着社会进步和生活水平的提升，环境与能源问题日益凸显。厌氧消化作为一种高效的有机废弃物处理技术，能够兼具减少排放和回收能源两项优点，但厌氧消化由于过程涉及多种复杂的生物化学反应，易受多种因素影响。多环芳烃（PAHs）作为一类难降解的有机污染物，主要来源于工厂排放废水、化石燃料不完全燃烧及汽车尾气排放等人类活动，具有高生物毒性和吸附性。在厌氧消化过程中，PAHs常与污泥或其他物料相混合，影响水解、酸化和产甲烷阶段，不利于底物的降解和甲烷生产，因此要寻找方法降低消化底物中多环芳烃的含量。相比于加热、吸附和光解等物理化学方法，通过添加外源物来促进多环芳烃去除的方法具有操作简便、成本更低和减少二次污染等优点。本文综述了厌氧消化的影响因素、多环芳烃对厌氧消化的抑制效应以及通过引入不同外源物来缓解多环芳烃抑制作用的策略，旨在为进一步改善厌氧消化工艺提供参考。

关键词: 多环芳烃, 厌氧消化, 外源物, 缓解作用

Abstract:

Anaerobic digestion, a widely utilized technology for the treatment of organic waste, offers the dual benefits of emission reduction and energy recovery. Anaerobic digestion is susceptible to various factors due to the complex biochemical reactions involved in the process. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of refractory organic pollutants, which mainly come from human activities such as industrial wastewater, incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and automobile exhaust emissions. PAHs possess toxicity and adsorptive. In anaerobic digestion systems, it is necessary to find methods to reduce the content of PAHs in the substrate since PAHs often mix with other materials, influencing hydrolysis, acidification and methanogenesis, which hinder degradation of substrate and methane production. Compared to physical and chemical methods such as heating, adsorption and photolysis, adding exogenous substances to promote the removal of PAHs has the advantages of simplicity, lower cost and reduced secondary pollution. The paper reviewed the influencing factors of anaerobic digestion, the inhibitory effects of PAHs on anaerobic digestion and strategies to alleviate the inhibitory effects of PAHs by introducing different exogenous substances, aiming to provide references for further improving the anaerobic digestion technology.

Key words: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, anaerobic digestion, exogenous substance, relieving effect

孙喜圆, 敖国旭, 王兆轩, 葛菁萍, 凌宏志, 孙珊珊. 外源物对多环芳烃抑制厌氧消化的缓解作用研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(11): 74-81.

SUN Xiyuan, AO Guoxu, WANG Zhaoxuan, GE Jingping, LING Hongzhi, SUN Shanshan. Research Progress on Relieving Effect of Exogenous Substances on Inhibition of Anaerobic Digestion by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(11): 74-81.

图/表 4

参考文献 56

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生物炭名称	热解温度/℃	处理样本	处理效果	引用文献
腐殖酸生物炭	700	土壤	对萘、芘和苯并芘的去除率分别为34.2%、59.1%和81.5%	[42]
泥炭藓衍生生物炭	900	沉积物	PAHs的去除率73%	[43]
磁性丝瓜海绵生物炭	900	沉积物	PAHs去除率31.9%	[44]
水稻秸秆生物炭	600	土壤	PAHs的生物降解率比对照组提高了40.0%~60.3%	[45]
水葫芦衍生生物炭	700	PAHs标准品	PAHs的去除率74%	[46]

生物炭名称	热解温度/℃	处理样本	处理效果	引用文献
腐殖酸生物炭	700	土壤	对萘、芘和苯并芘的去除率分别为34.2%、59.1%和81.5%	[42]
泥炭藓衍生生物炭	900	沉积物	PAHs的去除率73%	[43]
磁性丝瓜海绵生物炭	900	沉积物	PAHs去除率31.9%	[44]
水稻秸秆生物炭	600	土壤	PAHs的生物降解率比对照组提高了40.0%~60.3%	[45]
水葫芦衍生生物炭	700	PAHs标准品	PAHs的去除率74%	[46]

电子受体	处理样本	PAHs降解率	引用文献
硝酸盐	含萘的污泥	提高30.1%	[50]
磁铁矿	含PAHs的污泥	从79.75%提高到89.3%	[51]
碳毡	含芘和菲沉积物	芘、菲分别提高27.3%和32.5%	[52]

电子受体	处理样本	PAHs降解率	引用文献
硝酸盐	含萘的污泥	提高30.1%	[50]
磁铁矿	含PAHs的污泥	从79.75%提高到89.3%	[51]
碳毡	含芘和菲沉积物	芘、菲分别提高27.3%和32.5%	[52]

外源物对多环芳烃抑制厌氧消化的缓解作用研究进展

Research Progress on Relieving Effect of Exogenous Substances on Inhibition of Anaerobic Digestion by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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