不同产地日本沼虾矿质元素和稳定同位素“指纹”特征分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0008

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (19): 159-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0008

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇

不同产地日本沼虾矿质元素和稳定同位素“指纹”特征分析

薛竣仁¹(), 徐依茜², 杨健¹^,²(), 姜涛¹, 陈修报¹, 刘洪波¹

¹ 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心渔业微化学研究室，江苏无锡 214081
² 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院，江苏无锡 214081

收稿日期:2025-01-02 修回日期:2025-04-29 出版日期:2025-07-05 发布日期:2025-07-10
通讯作者:
杨健，男，1964年出生，江西南昌人，研究员，博士，研究方向：渔业生态环境保护。通信地址：214081 无锡市滨湖区山水东路9号淡水渔业研究中心，Tel：0510-85557823，E-mail：jiany@ffrc.cn。
作者简介:
薛竣仁，男，1995年出生，江苏盐城人，博士，研究方向：渔业生态环境保护。通信地址：214081 无锡市滨湖区山水东路9号淡水渔业研究中心，Tel：0510-85550961，E-mail：xuejunren@ffrc.cn。
基金资助:
中国水产科学研究院院级基本科研业务费项目“昆山地区青虾地理品质量化的典型模式研究”(2023ZX07); 中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目“长江渔业生态环境监测与修复创新团队”(2023TD18)

Analysis of Microchemical Characterisation of Oriental River Prawns (Macrobrachium nipponense) from Different Origins

XUE Junren¹(), XU Yiqian², YANG Jian¹^,²(), JIANG Tao¹, CHEN Xiubao¹, LIU Hongbo¹

¹ Laboratory of Fishery Microchemistry, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081
² Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081

Received:2025-01-02 Revised:2025-04-29 Published:2025-07-05 Online:2025-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解不同养殖产地及野生日本沼虾可食部分矿质元素含量特征，探讨不同产地虾的矿质元素品质及稳定同位素对日本沼虾原产地判别的可能性，选取宜兴、昆山、社渚3处养殖主产地沼虾及长江野生日本沼虾样本为研究对象，分别使用电感耦合等离子质谱仪和稳定同位素比质谱仪对21种矿质元素含量及C、N稳定同位素比等微化学特征进行分析测定。结果显示，各产地虾不仅含有人体必需的常量元素Ca、Na、Mg和K元素，还有人体必需的微量元素Fe、Zn、Mn、Se和Cu。单因素方差分析发现，多种矿质元素含量在春秋两季存在显著差异(P<0.05)。基于Na等12种矿质元素的“指纹”逐步判别分析结果显示，春虾、秋虾的判别准确率分别可以达到100%、98.3%。C、N稳定同位素比“指纹”具有区分野生与养殖日本沼虾的潜力。上述结果表明，日本沼虾富含多种矿质元素，且元素及稳定同位素微化学“指纹”具有产地溯源的应用潜力。

关键词: 日本沼虾, 矿质元素, 稳定同位素, 产地溯源, 单因素方差分析, 线性判别分析

Abstract:

The study aims to understand the content of mineral elements in the edible portion of oriental river prawns (Macrobrachium nipponense) from different cultured and wild origins, to further explore the nutritional quality of oriental river prawns from different origins and the possibilities of mineral elements and stable isotopes for determining the origin of oriental river prawns. This paper selected samples from Yixing, Kunshan, and Shezhu culture origins and the Yangtze River wild oriental river prawns population for the study, and analyzed the content of 21 mineral elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that each oriental river prawns contained not only the essential macronutrients Ca, Na, Mg and K, but also the essential trace elements Fe, Zn, Mn, Se and Cu. One-way analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in the contents of various mineral elements in spring and autumn (P<0.05). The results of stepwise discrimination analysis based on mineral elements showed that the discrimination accuracy could reach 100% and 98.3% for spring and autumn oriental river prawns, respectively, while the C and N stable isotope ratios had the potential to differentiate between wild and farmed oriental river prawns. The results effectively confirmed that the oriental river prawns is a healthy aquatic product with high nutritional value, and that the microchemical ‘fingerprints’ have the potential to be used for origin traceability.

Key words: Macrobrachium nipponense, mineral element, stable isotopes, origin traceability, one-way analysis of variance, linear discriminant analysis

薛竣仁, 徐依茜, 杨健, 姜涛, 陈修报, 刘洪波. 不同产地日本沼虾矿质元素和稳定同位素“指纹”特征分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(19): 159-164.

XUE Junren, XU Yiqian, YANG Jian, JIANG Tao, CHEN Xiubao, LIU Hongbo. Analysis of Microchemical Characterisation of Oriental River Prawns (Macrobrachium nipponense) from Different Origins[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(19): 159-164.

图/表 6

参考文献 34

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产地	体重/g	体长/cm	全长/cm
宜兴（春虾）	4.03±2.15	4.59±0.78	6.34±1.06
昆山（春虾）	4.23±1.69	4.67±0.51	6.68±0.78
社渚（春虾）	4.68±1.57	4.72±0.47	6.72±0.62
长江（当涂江段）	0.67±0.34	2.81±0.44	4.02±0.54
宜兴（秋虾）	4.66±1.14	4.92±0.39	7.16±0.53
昆山（秋虾）	3.05±0.94	4.38±0.44	6.42±0.67
社渚（秋虾）	3.24±0.82	4.55±0.36	6.53±0.53

产地	体重/g	体长/cm	全长/cm
宜兴（春虾）	4.03±2.15	4.59±0.78	6.34±1.06
昆山（春虾）	4.23±1.69	4.67±0.51	6.68±0.78
社渚（春虾）	4.68±1.57	4.72±0.47	6.72±0.62
长江（当涂江段）	0.67±0.34	2.81±0.44	4.02±0.54
宜兴（秋虾）	4.66±1.14	4.92±0.39	7.16±0.53
昆山（秋虾）	3.05±0.94	4.38±0.44	6.42±0.67
社渚（秋虾）	3.24±0.82	4.55±0.36	6.53±0.53

元素	宜兴（春虾）	昆山（春虾）	社渚（春虾）	长江（当涂江段）	宜兴（秋虾）	昆山（秋虾）	社渚（秋虾）
Na	5377.09±251.78a	7046.5±466.12d	5461.59±506.11a	5803.42±331.33b	6056.2±450.73b	6876.27±630.85d	6477.5±578.14c
Mg	1516.17±97.62a	1905.42±85.67d	1685.31±129.28b	1635.4±123.27b	1760.37±38.67c	1754.82±86.4c	1761.62±60.89c
Al	0.00±0.00a	2.47±6.69a	0.21±0.59a	28.34±22.49b	4.78±1.15a	5.18±3.31a	4.63±1.78a
K	12123.29±604.69a	13401.43±730.78b	13908.92±1060.55bcd	14270.61±668.81d	13496.19±476.37bc	13972.44±997.16cd	13628.48±622.49bc
Ca	6148.08±1268.57d	11388.38±1615.88f	3505.02±826.82bc	8701.84±1923.5e	2387.97±278.09a	4220.24±964.21c	3319.85±681.25b
Mn	0.82±0.68a	3.65±2.27c	6.55±2.66d	4.22±1.00c	2.37±1.43b	2.48±2.34b	1.33±0.76ab
Fe	160.78±121.28bc	405.57±105.8e	274.46±61.62d	717.08±139.98f	79.5±15.76a	188.51±56.92c	130.36±36.99ab
Cu	50.54±8.5cd	39.5±13.47ab	48.54±9.4cd	71.6±11.81e	35.28±5.73a	55.54±16.11d	43.72±10.68bc
Zn	82.85±4.43c	95.17±14.57d	104.9±15.05e	107.77±10e	69.78±4.19b	61.01±3.25a	62.86±4.07a
Sr	39.15±7.57d	26.72±4.86b	19.5±3.33a	45.14±7.7e	31.49±1.21c	40.51±4.75d	41.72±3.16d
Ba	2.48±1.7a	4.17±0.87b	2.63±0.66a	7.68±2.38d	4.52±0.63bc	5.14±0.73c	4.73±0.49bc
Se	0.04±0.13a	0.04±0.12a	1.47±0.69b	2.97±0.61c	/	0.06±0.13a	0.00±0.00a
As	/	/	/	/	0.02±0.06a	0.09±0.19b	0.01±0.04a

元素	宜兴（春虾）	昆山（春虾）	社渚（春虾）	长江（当涂江段）	宜兴（秋虾）	昆山（秋虾）	社渚（秋虾）
Na	5377.09±251.78a	7046.5±466.12d	5461.59±506.11a	5803.42±331.33b	6056.2±450.73b	6876.27±630.85d	6477.5±578.14c
Mg	1516.17±97.62a	1905.42±85.67d	1685.31±129.28b	1635.4±123.27b	1760.37±38.67c	1754.82±86.4c	1761.62±60.89c
Al	0.00±0.00a	2.47±6.69a	0.21±0.59a	28.34±22.49b	4.78±1.15a	5.18±3.31a	4.63±1.78a
K	12123.29±604.69a	13401.43±730.78b	13908.92±1060.55bcd	14270.61±668.81d	13496.19±476.37bc	13972.44±997.16cd	13628.48±622.49bc
Ca	6148.08±1268.57d	11388.38±1615.88f	3505.02±826.82bc	8701.84±1923.5e	2387.97±278.09a	4220.24±964.21c	3319.85±681.25b
Mn	0.82±0.68a	3.65±2.27c	6.55±2.66d	4.22±1.00c	2.37±1.43b	2.48±2.34b	1.33±0.76ab
Fe	160.78±121.28bc	405.57±105.8e	274.46±61.62d	717.08±139.98f	79.5±15.76a	188.51±56.92c	130.36±36.99ab
Cu	50.54±8.5cd	39.5±13.47ab	48.54±9.4cd	71.6±11.81e	35.28±5.73a	55.54±16.11d	43.72±10.68bc
Zn	82.85±4.43c	95.17±14.57d	104.9±15.05e	107.77±10e	69.78±4.19b	61.01±3.25a	62.86±4.07a
Sr	39.15±7.57d	26.72±4.86b	19.5±3.33a	45.14±7.7e	31.49±1.21c	40.51±4.75d	41.72±3.16d
Ba	2.48±1.7a	4.17±0.87b	2.63±0.66a	7.68±2.38d	4.52±0.63bc	5.14±0.73c	4.73±0.49bc
Se	0.04±0.13a	0.04±0.12a	1.47±0.69b	2.97±0.61c	/	0.06±0.13a	0.00±0.00a
As	/	/	/	/	0.02±0.06a	0.09±0.19b	0.01±0.04a

产地	δ¹³C(VPDB)	δ¹⁵N(air N₂)
宜兴（春虾）	-21.85±0.17a	7.19±0.39a
昆山（春虾）	-21.81±0.62a	6.79±0.39a
社渚（春虾）	-22.05±0.62a	6.89±0.9a
长江（当涂江段）	-22.14±0.55a	11.4±0.86b

不同产地日本沼虾矿质元素和稳定同位素“指纹”特征分析

Analysis of Microchemical Characterisation of Oriental River Prawns (Macrobrachium nipponense) from Different Origins

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