氮磷配施对榆林风沙区青贮玉米根系形态特征的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0268

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (19): 1-11.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0268

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 下一篇

氮磷配施对榆林风沙区青贮玉米根系形态特征的影响

常雪荣¹(), 史雷¹(), 徐伟洲¹^,², 韩侠¹^,², 乔雨¹^,², 卜耀军¹^,²

¹ 榆林学院现代农学院，陕西榆林 719000
² 榆林学院陕西省黄土高原饲用植物工程技术研究中心，陕西榆林 719000

收稿日期:2025-03-28 修回日期:2025-05-15 出版日期:2025-07-05 发布日期:2025-07-10
通讯作者:
史雷，女，1985年出生，陕西蓝田人，高级实验师，硕士，研究方向：人工饲草栽培管理研究。通信地址：719000 陕西省榆林市榆阳区崇文路51号榆林学院，E-mail：shilei_ylxy@126.com。
作者简介:
常雪荣，女，1999年出生，陕西铜川人，硕士，研究方向：人工饲草栽培管理研究。通信地址：719000 陕西省榆林市榆阳区崇文路51号榆林学院，E-mail：changxuerong2@163.com。
基金资助:
陕西省重点研发计划—一般项目—农业农村领域“青贮玉米良种选育及配套技术集成与示范”(2024NC-YBXM-084); 陕西省科技资源开放共享平台项目“陕北饲草全产业链综合性检验检测平台”(2024CX-GXPT-31)

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rationing on Root Morphological Characteristics of Silage Maize in Yulin Wind and Sand Area

CHANG Xuerong¹(), SHI Lei¹(), XU Weizhou¹^,², HAN Xia¹^,², QIAO Yu¹^,², BU Yaojun¹^,²

¹ College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000
² Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Forage Plants of the Loess Plateau, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000

Received:2025-03-28 Revised:2025-05-15 Published:2025-07-05 Online:2025-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究氮磷配施对榆林风沙区青贮玉米根系形态动态变化特征的影响，以‘大京九23’青贮玉米为研究对象，设置氮肥、磷肥两因素试验，施氮量为不施氮(N0，0 kg/hm²)、低氮(N90，90 kg/hm²)、中氮(N180，180 kg/hm²)、中高氮(N270，270 kg/hm²)和高氮(N360，360 kg/hm²)，施磷量为不施磷(P0，0 kg/hm²)、低磷(P90，90 kg/hm²)和高磷(P180，180 kg/hm²)，测定青贮玉米大喇叭口期、吐丝期、收获期的生物量和根系形态特征指标。结果表明，氮磷配施显著促进了大喇叭口期根系纵向发育，10~20 cm土层根系鲜重、根长和表面积分别增加了73.9%~169.5%、52.0%~136.4%和75.1%~124.4%。氮磷配施对吐丝期浅层根系扩展具有显著影响，0~10 cm土层根系鲜重、干重和体积分别增长5.5%~69.3%、3.9%~62.1%和3.0%~91.4%。氮磷配施可有效延缓收获期根系衰老，10~20 cm土层鲜重增幅达28.5%~190.3%，20~30 cm土层干重和体积分别增加50.0%~202.3%和40.2%~158.8%。各生育期根系指标显示，0~20 cm土层的根鲜重、干重、根长、表面积及体积等指标均显著优于20~40 cm。隶属函数综合评价结果显示，N180P180配施方案表现最优，其地上部鲜、干重分别增加24.7%、44.7%，根系发育指标呈现持续增益，三阶段鲜重增幅达54.5%~91.1%、干重增幅达28.5%~70.6%、根长增幅达23.8%~70.8%、总面积增幅达52.1%~79.3%、总体积增幅达32.6%~98.9%，植株养分吸收效率显著提升。综上，N180P180配施量有利于促进玉米地上部与地下部协同生长。

关键词: 青贮玉米, 氮磷配施, 根系形态特征, 根系鲜重, 根系干重, 榆林风沙区

Abstract:

To investigate the characteristics of the dynamic changes of root morphology of silage maize in different periods under the conditions of nitrogen and phosphorus rationing in the wind and sand area of Yulin, silage maize (Zea mays) ‘Dajingjiu 23’ was used as the research object. A two-factor test was set up for nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, with the nitrogen application of no nitrogen (N0, 0 kg/hm²), low nitrogen (N90, 90 kg/hm²), medium nitrogen (N180, 180 kg/hm²), medium-high nitrogen (N270, 270 kg/hm²) and high nitrogen (N360, 360 kg/hm²); and phosphorus was applied as no phosphorus (P0, 0 kg/hm²), low phosphorus (P90, 90 kg/hm²) and high phosphorus (P180, 180 kg/hm²). The biomass and root morphology of silage maize were measured at the trumpet stage, silking stage and harvesting stage. The results showed that the nitrogen-phosphorus rationing significantly promoted the longitudinal development of the root system at the trumpet stage, and the fresh weight, root length and surface area of the root system in the 10-20 cm soil layer increased by 73.9%-169.5%, 52.0%-136.4% and 75.1%-124.4%, respectively. Nitrogen-phosphorus rationing had a significant effect on the expansion of the shallow root system during the silking stage, with the fresh weight, dry weight and volume of the root system in the 0-10 cm soil layer increasing by 5.5%-69.3%, 3.9%-62.1% and 3.0%-91.4%, respectively. Nitrogen-phosphorus rationing effectively delayed root senescence at harvest, with increases of 28.5%-190.3% in fresh weight in the 10-20 cm soil layer, and increases of 50.0%-202.3% and 40.2%-158.8% in dry weight and volume in the 20-30 cm soil layer, respectively. The root indexes of each fertility stage showed that the fresh weight, dry weight, root length, surface area and volume of roots in the 0-20 cm soil layer were significantly better than those in the 20-40 cm layer. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the affiliation function, the optimal performance of the N180P180 program was observed, with the above-ground fresh and dry weights increasing by 24.7% and 44.7%, respectively, and the root development indexes showing a sustained gain. The fresh weights increased by 54.5%-91.1%, the dry weight increased by 28.5%-70.6%, the root length increased by 23.8%-70.8%, the total area increased by 52.1%-79.3%, and the total volume increased by 32.6%-98.9%, and a significant increase in the efficiency of nutrient uptake by the plant. In conclusion, the N180P180 dosage was favorable to promote the synergistic growth of maize above-ground and below-ground.

Key words: silage maize, nitrogen and phosphorus rationing, root morphological characteristics, root fresh weight, root dry weight, Yulin sandy area

常雪荣, 史雷, 徐伟洲, 韩侠, 乔雨, 卜耀军. 氮磷配施对榆林风沙区青贮玉米根系形态特征的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(19): 1-11.

CHANG Xuerong, SHI Lei, XU Weizhou, HAN Xia, QIAO Yu, BU Yaojun. Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rationing on Root Morphological Characteristics of Silage Maize in Yulin Wind and Sand Area[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(19): 1-11.

图/表 18

参考文献 28

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时期	处理	0~10 cm	10~20 cm	20~30 cm	30~40 cm
大喇叭口期	CK	89.7±1.9	35.7±0.2	4.3±0.3	0.6±0.0
	N90P90	102.5±10.2	68.9±3.5	12.1±0.6	1.5±0.2
	N180P90	120.9±12.6	88.4±4.6	6.6±0.2	0.0
	N270P90	139.0±12.0	96.2±4.3	37.8±3.8	1.0±0.1
	N360P90	121.4±8.7	62.1±3.0	12.1±2.9	0.00
	N90P180	127.3±3.4	90.5±5.4	15.1±1.0	0.8±0.0
	N180P180	129.3±1.2	79.2±4.5	13.8±1.0	0.0
	N270P180	150.6±4.5	61.9±3.4	5.4±0.3	1.3±0.1
	N360P180	149.6±9.3	77.7±2.5	2.4±0.2	0.0
吐丝期	CK	85.6±2.0	67.4±1.1	14.4±0.8	0.7±0.0
	N90P90	90.3±4.7	61.5±1.2	23.6±0.9	1.5±0.2
	N180P90	125.7±10.7	68.2±6.5	8.2±1.3	0.9±0.1
	N270P90	92.7±10.8	46.8±2.1	15.4±0.6	0.6±0.4
	N360P90	126.2±11.9	75.9±4.6	10.6±0.8	0.0
	N90P180	144.9±10.8	45.7±3.6	18.0±2.0	0.5±0.1
	N180P180	144.6±30.5	62.5±4.4	18.5±1.7	0.6±0.1
	N270P180	118.8±6.8	87.2±4.1	15.2±0.6	0.5±0.0
	N360P180	127.2±13.6	74.7±5.0	14.2±1.2	0.3±0.0
收获期	CK	72.4±3.4	30.9±2.6	8.8±0.7	1.0±0.1
	N90P90	90.3±3.9	39.7±3.5	13.2±2.7	1.0±0.1
	N180P90	108.0±0.3	56.5±7.4	19.5±3.1	2.8±0.6
	N270P90	103.7±12.9	71.4±5.0	26.6±1.6	4.8±0.2
	N360P90	104.1±12.9	89.7±1.5	18.9±1.9	3.8±0.1
	N90P180	111.6±17.8	58.8±7.5	17.7±0.7	1.0±0.1
	N180P180	120.4±11.8	69.8±1.1	25.1±2.1	3.2±0.4
	N270P180	111.0±0.7	57.7±12.0	23.8±5.0	4.8±0.2
	N360P180	96.1±7.3	67.8±7.9	22.7±1.2	3.1±0.2

时期	处理	0~10 cm	10~20 cm	20~30 cm	30~40 cm
大喇叭口期	CK	89.7±1.9	35.7±0.2	4.3±0.3	0.6±0.0
	N90P90	102.5±10.2	68.9±3.5	12.1±0.6	1.5±0.2
	N180P90	120.9±12.6	88.4±4.6	6.6±0.2	0.0
	N270P90	139.0±12.0	96.2±4.3	37.8±3.8	1.0±0.1
	N360P90	121.4±8.7	62.1±3.0	12.1±2.9	0.00
	N90P180	127.3±3.4	90.5±5.4	15.1±1.0	0.8±0.0
	N180P180	129.3±1.2	79.2±4.5	13.8±1.0	0.0
	N270P180	150.6±4.5	61.9±3.4	5.4±0.3	1.3±0.1
	N360P180	149.6±9.3	77.7±2.5	2.4±0.2	0.0
吐丝期	CK	85.6±2.0	67.4±1.1	14.4±0.8	0.7±0.0
	N90P90	90.3±4.7	61.5±1.2	23.6±0.9	1.5±0.2
	N180P90	125.7±10.7	68.2±6.5	8.2±1.3	0.9±0.1
	N270P90	92.7±10.8	46.8±2.1	15.4±0.6	0.6±0.4
	N360P90	126.2±11.9	75.9±4.6	10.6±0.8	0.0
	N90P180	144.9±10.8	45.7±3.6	18.0±2.0	0.5±0.1
	N180P180	144.6±30.5	62.5±4.4	18.5±1.7	0.6±0.1
	N270P180	118.8±6.8	87.2±4.1	15.2±0.6	0.5±0.0
	N360P180	127.2±13.6	74.7±5.0	14.2±1.2	0.3±0.0
收获期	CK	72.4±3.4	30.9±2.6	8.8±0.7	1.0±0.1
	N90P90	90.3±3.9	39.7±3.5	13.2±2.7	1.0±0.1
	N180P90	108.0±0.3	56.5±7.4	19.5±3.1	2.8±0.6
	N270P90	103.7±12.9	71.4±5.0	26.6±1.6	4.8±0.2
	N360P90	104.1±12.9	89.7±1.5	18.9±1.9	3.8±0.1
	N90P180	111.6±17.8	58.8±7.5	17.7±0.7	1.0±0.1
	N180P180	120.4±11.8	69.8±1.1	25.1±2.1	3.2±0.4
	N270P180	111.0±0.7	57.7±12.0	23.8±5.0	4.8±0.2
	N360P180	96.1±7.3	67.8±7.9	22.7±1.2	3.1±0.2

时期	处理	0~10 cm	10~20 cm	20~30 cm	30~40 cm
大喇叭口期	CK	22.51±2.05	9.48±0.67	0.49±0.01	0.10±0.01
	N90P90	23.57±1.29	12.81±0.04	2.60±0.15	0.17±0.01
	N180P90	25.84±2.60	14.15±1.21	1.46±0.04	0.00
	N270P90	22.81±2.04	12.19±1.39	3.67±0.18	0.34±0.01
	N360P90	22.60±0.85	9.23±0.32	1.55±0.07	0.00
	N90P180	28.63±3.56	11.34±0.20	1.25±0.02	0.17±0.01
	N180P180	25.33±0.81	15.12±0.68	1.41±0.23	0.00
	N270P180	29.62±1.29	10.78±1.12	1.37±0.01	0.2±0.01
	N360P180	30.98±2.86	12.28±0.57	0.15±0.01	0.00
吐丝期	CK	19.01±0.40	10.50±0.27	1.77±0.01	0.16±0.03
	N90P90	19.76±1.27	11.17±0.83	3.00±0.10	0.33±0.03
	N180P90	27.00±1.82	6.86±0.50	1.08±0.04	0.20±0.01
	N270P90	29.10±2.95	8.12±0.78	1.75±0.09	0.24±0.03
	N360P90	28.73±6.09	6.62±0.43	1.57±0.06	0.00
	N90P180	30.82±2.49	10.24±0.57	3.52±0.10	0.16±0.01
	N180P180	27.25±2.06	16.51±0.86	2.43±0.07	0.18±0.04
	N270P180	23.64±0.32	11.00±1.03	2.47±0.49	0.24±0.01
	N360P180	24.54±3.18	8.70±0.56	1.15±0.11	0.26±0.01
收获期	CK	14.79±1.38	4.72±0.13	0.97±0.07	0.14±0.03
	N90P90	17.52±0.90	5.65±0.45	1.69±0.12	0.15±0.02
	N180P90	19.47±0.77	6.89±0.68	2.47±0.37	0.32±0.01
	N270P90	16.18±1.85	9.16±1.43	2.11±0.19	0.26±0.02
	N360P90	20.13±1.19	11.51±0.85	2.36±0.15	0.27±0.01
	N90P180	17.72±0.01	7.65±0.03	2.28±0.26	0.49±0.01
	N180P180	23.02±1.41	9.31±0.60	2.51±0.09	0.34±0.05
	N270P180	18.18±1.07	6.59±0.49	1.36±0.13	0.47±0.03
	N360P180	17.42±0.61	8.04±1.47	2.28±0.22	0.43±0.01

时期	处理	0~10 cm	10~20 cm	20~30 cm	30~40 cm
大喇叭口期	CK	22.51±2.05	9.48±0.67	0.49±0.01	0.10±0.01
	N90P90	23.57±1.29	12.81±0.04	2.60±0.15	0.17±0.01
	N180P90	25.84±2.60	14.15±1.21	1.46±0.04	0.00
	N270P90	22.81±2.04	12.19±1.39	3.67±0.18	0.34±0.01
	N360P90	22.60±0.85	9.23±0.32	1.55±0.07	0.00
	N90P180	28.63±3.56	11.34±0.20	1.25±0.02	0.17±0.01
	N180P180	25.33±0.81	15.12±0.68	1.41±0.23	0.00
	N270P180	29.62±1.29	10.78±1.12	1.37±0.01	0.2±0.01
	N360P180	30.98±2.86	12.28±0.57	0.15±0.01	0.00
吐丝期	CK	19.01±0.40	10.50±0.27	1.77±0.01	0.16±0.03
	N90P90	19.76±1.27	11.17±0.83	3.00±0.10	0.33±0.03
	N180P90	27.00±1.82	6.86±0.50	1.08±0.04	0.20±0.01
	N270P90	29.10±2.95	8.12±0.78	1.75±0.09	0.24±0.03
	N360P90	28.73±6.09	6.62±0.43	1.57±0.06	0.00
	N90P180	30.82±2.49	10.24±0.57	3.52±0.10	0.16±0.01
	N180P180	27.25±2.06	16.51±0.86	2.43±0.07	0.18±0.04
	N270P180	23.64±0.32	11.00±1.03	2.47±0.49	0.24±0.01
	N360P180	24.54±3.18	8.70±0.56	1.15±0.11	0.26±0.01
收获期	CK	14.79±1.38	4.72±0.13	0.97±0.07	0.14±0.03
	N90P90	17.52±0.90	5.65±0.45	1.69±0.12	0.15±0.02
	N180P90	19.47±0.77	6.89±0.68	2.47±0.37	0.32±0.01
	N270P90	16.18±1.85	9.16±1.43	2.11±0.19	0.26±0.02
	N360P90	20.13±1.19	11.51±0.85	2.36±0.15	0.27±0.01
	N90P180	17.72±0.01	7.65±0.03	2.28±0.26	0.49±0.01
	N180P180	23.02±1.41	9.31±0.60	2.51±0.09	0.34±0.05
	N270P180	18.18±1.07	6.59±0.49	1.36±0.13	0.47±0.03
	N360P180	17.42±0.61	8.04±1.47	2.28±0.22	0.43±0.01

时期	处理	0~10 cm	10~20 cm	20~30 cm	30~40 cm
大喇叭口期	CK	9013.0±559.1	13678.9±1345.9	4401.5±144.9	300.1±45.5
	N90P90	18598.3±997.4	28590.8±747.2	6894.6±269.0	1195.3±76.2
	N180P90	17746.8±845.0	32339.2±2977.2	4466.9±53.1	0.0
	N270P90	7779.2±791.8	21272.2±2139.1	8550.1±798.3	708.0±5.9
	N360P90	5493.4±262.6	24326.9±160.5	5828.8±61.5	0.0
	N90P180	14364.7±2203.7	26259.4±1880.1	6510.9±249.6	374.0±60.1
	N180P180	10274.1±504.3	25726.6±2596.3	8488.9±201.4	0.0
	N270P180	16398.8±2028.3	26903.5±2950.7	9130.2±195.4	535.9±48.1
	N360P180	15361.2±293.1	20791.6±3052.8	803.6±33.1	0.0
吐丝期	CK	9880.2±740.3	9224.8±245.6	7420.7±258	121.3±2.7
	N90P90	9923.8±235.0	11269.6±270.3	7863.3±962.5	422.3±7.0
	N180P90	11348.2±1047.2	9686.2±657.6	2223.9±149.8	281.0±21.3
	N270P90	11227.0±643.4	12626.5±3053	2309.0±259.6	285.4±10.1
	N360P90	11501.9±217.9	9915.2±153.4	2224.8±154.6	0.0
	N90P180	11215.8±967.9	12180.5±1112.5	8423.5±281.7	144.0±11.2
	N180P180	11425.9±1244.1	15085.1±2030.3	6236.8±766.6	233.2±4.6
	N270P180	9997.1±1380.5	15172.1±665.5	5040.6±289.4	341.4±22.0
	N360P180	10319.0±1425.3	12834.7±938.9	2445.4±82.8	362.0±6.3
收获期	CK	9238.7±253.6	8833.2±869.9	1351.1±212.7	183.2±10.8
	N90P90	9976.0±294.1	10374.9±1434.2	3340.7±252.5	190.5±6.8
	N180P90	9020.7±1213.8	11648.7±822.6	4488.1±195.0	494.8±1.6
	N270P90	6063.6±294.9	13377.6±554.7	4750.1±179.6	727.1±62.1
	N360P90	5612.9±155.3	18692.5±121.0	4708.0±273.3	598.0±15.3
	N90P180	6982.6±746.2	14004.1±1349.0	4361.3±129.0	517.7±9.4
	N180P180	8956.5±476.4	17377.2±1969.5	6719.3±1051.6	659.1±13.5
	N270P180	11075.0±717.4	12783.1±486.2	1774.6±67.1	215.9±19.0
	N360P180	8959.7±423.1	11353.2±1304.5	4363.1±95.7	250.2±24.8

氮磷配施对榆林风沙区青贮玉米根系形态特征的影响

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rationing on Root Morphological Characteristics of Silage Maize in Yulin Wind and Sand Area

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时期	处理	0~10 cm	10~20 cm	20~30 cm	30~40 cm
大喇叭口期	CK	0.52±0.03	0.34±0.02	0.28±0.02	0.35±0.01
	N90P90	0.42±0.02	0.30±0.02	0.27±0.02	0.24±0.02
	N180P90	0.62±0.04	0.37±0.02	0.30±0.04	0.00
	N270P90	0.69±0.02	0.44±0.05	0.37±0.01	0.42±0.01
	N360P90	0.54±0.04	0.40±0.04	0.37±0.02	0.00
	N90P180	0.67±0.05	0.38±0.03	0.37±0.03	0.60±0.01
	N180P180	0.70±0.01	0.35±0.02	0.31±0.02	0.00
	N270P180	0.53±0.01	0.41±0.01	0.36±0.02	0.24±0.02
	N360P180	0.54±0.01	0.39±0.04	0.47±0.03	0.00
吐丝期	CK	0.54±0.01	0.37±0.01	0.41±0.04	0.39±0.03
	N90P90	0.47±0.03	0.37±0.01	0.37±0.02	0.52±0.04
	N180P90	0.68±0.05	0.43±0.03	0.45±0.03	0.62±0.08
	N270P90	0.73±0.05	0.46±0.03	0.49±0.01	0.19±0.01
	N360P90	0.70±0.07	0.48±0.04	0.48±0.04	0.00
	N90P180	0.57±0.06	0.45±0.02	0.35±0.02	0.62±0.06
	N180P180	0.60±0.04	0.43±0.00	0.41±0.02	0.52±0.02
	N270P180	0.58±0.04	0.41±0.03	0.38±0.04	0.46±0.01
	N360P180	0.47±0.05	0.45±0.03	0.40±0.09	0.67±0.08
收获期	CK	0.49±0.01	0.39±0.04	0.50±0.04	0.61±0.06
	N90P90	0.48±0.03	0.40±0.05	0.44±0.05	0.45±0.05
	N180P90	0.60±0.11	0.45±0.03	0.52±0.01	0.69±0.10
	N270P90	0.91±0.01	0.50±0.02	0.54±0.10	0.72±0.02
	N360P90	0.84±0.05	0.50±0.05	0.50±0.02	0.52±0.02
	N90P180	0.66±0.08	0.51±0.05	0.58±0.08	0.81±0.13
	N180P180	0.76±0.10	0.42±0.01	0.49±0.03	0.54±0.05
	N270P180	0.49±0.04	0.44±0.05	0.51±0.01	0.79±0.06
	N360P180	0.62±0.02	0.50±0.04	0.53±0.02	0.52±0.08

时期	处理	0~10 cm	10~20 cm	20~30 cm	30~40 cm
大喇叭口期	CK	1597.5±133.2	1520.9±44.0	454.2±26.9	36.6±0.6
	N90P90	2435.5±219.3	2724.8±270.4	662.6±47.5	117.7±15.5
	N180P90	2747.9±945.0	3413.6±387.4	376.9±28.4	0.0
	N270P90	1699.0±92.9	3086.4±111.3	1350.7±74.4	92.2±2.6
	N360P90	1377.4±87.1	2662.7±123.5	680.1±18.5	0.0
	N90P180	3054.5±372.3	2839.1±11.4	658.2±12.9	42.8±1.8
	N180P180	2194.9±64.2	3078.1±110.5	841.2±12.5	0.0
	N270P180	2510.0±96.1	2877.7±626.3	735.3±27.0	43.3±1.5
	N360P180	2342.6±308.7	2531.6±106.8	133.1±16.8	0.0
吐丝期	CK	1125.2±124.4	1740.6±96.5	546.3±29.2	41.7±3.9
	N90P90	1376.2±5.3	2460.8±52.5	574.3±36.4	60.7±6.6
	N180P90	1816.9±141.9	1277.1±84.5	292.1±17.4	21.5±10.8
	N270P90	2185.5±183.9	1327.4±95.9	312.1±17.1	50.2±1.0
	N360P90	2093.2±16.1	1296.4±77.7	430.8±67.5	0.0
	N90P180	2232.5±184.8	1666.2±92.3	694.7±71.2	23.1±2.1
	N180P180	2169.6±5.9	2844.9±305.2	559.8±62.0	32.4±5.1
	N270P180	1817.8±129.8	1736.3±119.1	468.9±94.4	52.9±0.7
	N360P180	1954.3±136.4	1823.0±89.9	310.3±34.9	0.0
收获期	CK	1468.2±59.7	1198.3±63.3	259.6±40.1	36.7±0.7
	N90P90	1500.6±110.9	1342.0±51.2	537.0±9.0	36.3±1.0
	N180P90	1768.7±21.7	1578.9±60.2	662.8±40.5	126.8±17.3
	N270P90	1647.8±147.8	2190.1±103.1	654.9±12.8	118.4±1.9
	N360P90	1639.3±134.6	2889.8±99.1	750.0±9.8	125.4±12.7
	N90P180	1471.6±0.9	2242.0±73.0	816.6±32.0	136.2±18.1
	N180P180	174.0±124.6	2406.8±225.4	1045.9±208.7	117.6±8.6
	N270P180	1539.3±61.0	1752.8±140.3	419.2±26.9	92.2±6.9
	N360P180	1723.6±161.8	1741.5±103.8	693.4±44.5	44.2±3.0

时期	处理	0~10 cm	10~20 cm	20~30 cm	30~40 cm
大喇叭口期	CK	30.85±2.28	14.63±1.27	3.34±0.04	0.31±0.01
	N90P90	34.77±3.01	21.80±2.91	4.99±0.14	0.74±0.02
	N180P90	45.08±2.44	34.05±2.25	8.09±0.29	0.00
	N270P90	37.49±2.86	31.08±1.10	14.84±1.32	0.95±0.07
	N360P90	31.43±4.73	26.31±0.19	6.51±0.52	0.00
	N90P180	57.01±0.85	28.17±0.54	5.80±0.23	0.63±0.06
	N180P180	28.40±0.43	19.47±0.71	4.17±0.36	0.00
	N270P180	38.38±0.66	34.38±3.97	3.09±0.06	0.28±0.03
	N360P180	38.32±0.52	30.77±1.53	7.62±0.17	0.00
吐丝期	CK	19.54±1.01	17.11±1.46	10.79±1.65	0.47±0.02
	N90P90	20.13±1.56	23.32±0.98	11.15±1.11	0.49±0.01
	N180P90	37.39±1.44	14.30±1.80	3.37±0.18	0.67±0.04
	N270P90	35.87±5.25	14.72±0.74	4.20±0.28	0.87±0.05
	N360P90	32.49±2.43	15.33±0.33	5.55±0.08	0.00
	N90P180	35.86±2.12	19.80±1.12	8.15±0.42	0.37±0.03
	N180P180	37.52±0.69	26.71±0.46	9.04±0.98	0.42±0.05
	N270P180	30.30±3.95	26.11±3.91	4.43±0.54	0.39±0.01
	N360P180	33.36±3.53	22.26±2.90	3.67±0.17	0.31±0.01
收获期	CK	19.59±0.49	15.12±1.49	4.50±0.45	0.59±0.04
	N90P90	20.09±1.30	14.24±1.70	7.65±0.25	0.69±0.08
	N180P90	31.46±1.07	17.47±0.02	9.32±0.54	2.02±0.30
	N270P90	29.43±2.55	31.54±0.37	13.32±1.84	3.07±0.39
	N360P90	30.15±2.39	28.24±2.79	10.63±0.54	2.35±0.17
	N90P180	27.01±0.01	29.86±0.25	12.47±1.10	3.19±0.26
	N180P180	31.44±1.12	31.29±4.38	14.42±4.07	2.04±0.57
	N270P180	28.70±0.91	19.38±1.56	9.92±0.87	1.01±0.10
	N360P180	32.09±1.60	25.36±2.71	9.95±0.89	0.64±0.03

处理	地上鲜重	地上干重	根鲜重	根干重	根冠比	长度	面积	直径	体积	比根长	比根面积	均值
CK	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.528	0.000	0.000	0.286	0.000	0.735	0.139	0.153
N90P90	0.029	0.273	0.294	0.302	0.573	0.308	0.184	0.000	0.073	1.000	0.000	0.276
N180P90	0.096	0.429	0.700	0.586	0.791	0.435	0.478	0.631	0.520	0.102	0.071	0.440
N270P90	0.449	0.677	0.886	0.487	0.315	0.383	0.670	0.843	0.953	0.314	1.000	0.634
N360P90	1.000	1.000	0.984	0.941	0.607	0.724	1.000	0.802	0.813	0.000	0.648	0.774
N90P180	0.546	0.758	0.722	0.516	0.273	0.451	0.693	1.000	0.831	0.437	0.935	0.651
N180P180	0.613	0.782	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.955	0.543	1.000	0.760	0.401	0.823
N270P180	0.744	0.858	0.782	0.411	0.000	0.450	0.342	0.579	0.488	0.944	0.112	0.519
N360P180	0.891	0.891	0.727	0.518	0.128	0.383	0.504	0.504	0.717	0.322	0.233	0.529

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