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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (14): 195-202.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0857

• 水产/渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

梨形环棱螺雌雄个体营养成分与风味分析

吴昊1,2(), 李珂3, 马学艳2,3, 闻海波2,3, 金武2,3()   

  1. 1 大连海洋大学水产与生命学院, 辽宁大连 116023
    2 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214081
    3 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214128
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-14 修回日期:2026-04-10 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-07-24
  • 通讯作者:
    金武,男,1984年出生,副研究员,主要从事贝类种质资源与遗传育种研究。通信地址:214128 无锡市滨湖区雪浪街道壬宾路69号 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    吴昊,男,2002年出生,江苏盐城人,硕士,研究方向:贝类种质资源与遗传育种研究。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“中华绒螯蟹、克氏原螯虾、螺蛳大规格抗逆新品种培育”(2022YFD2400700); 广西重点研发计划“螺蛳(环棱螺和圆田螺)新品种(系)选育与扩繁技术研究及示范”(桂科农AB2506910042); 苏州市科技计划“环棱螺‘蠡湖1号’对加州鲈鱼养殖水体净化效果的应用研究”(SNG2023017)

Analysis of Nutritional Components and Flavor of Male and Female Individuals of Bellamya purificata

WU Hao1,2(), LI Ke3, MA Xueyan2,3, WEN Haibo2,3, JIN Wu2,3()   

  1. 1 College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023
    2 Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081
    3 Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214128
  • Received:2025-10-14 Revised:2026-04-10 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-07-24

摘要:

梨形环棱螺(Bellamya purificata)是广受欢迎的小吃螺蛳粉的重要原材料。为探究生产中雄螺比例偏高对其独特风味的贡献,本研究对梨形环棱螺的营养成分和主要风味物质进行了系统性分析。结果表示,梨形环棱螺雌雄个体含有17种常见的氨基酸,其中包括7种成人必需氨基酸和6种呈味氨基酸;其中,甘氨酸、半胱氨酸等6种氨基酸含量在雌雄间差异显著。通过GC-MS技术,共检出36种风味物质,其中34种在雌雄个体间的含量差异显著,涵盖酮类、醛类等11类化合物;雌性个体中苯乙烯含量最高,雄性个体中则以正己醛含量最高。回归分析结果表明,2,3-辛二酮对性别具有极显著预测作用。2,3-辛二酮在雌雄螺中含量差异显著,是造成二者风味差异的重要原因,可为优化螺蛳粉风味、制定行业标准及开发新产品提供科学支撑。

关键词: 梨形环棱螺, 性别差异, 风味物质, 多元线性回归分析

Abstract:

Bellamya purificata is an important raw material for the renowned snack Luosifen. The study was conducted to explore the contribution of high proportion of male snails to its unique flavor. Male and female individuals of B. purificata were used as experimental materials to determine the differences in their nutritional components, and GC-MS was employed to compare and analyze their main flavor substances. The results showed that both male and female B. purificata contained 17 common amino acids, including 7 essential amino acids (tryptophan not determined) and 6 flavor amino acids. The contents of 6 amino acids such as glycine and cysteine were significantly different between males and females. A total of 36 flavor compounds were detected, of which 34 showed significant differences, covering 11 categories including ketones and aldehydes. The most abundant substance was styrene in females and hexanal in males. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that 2,3-octanedione had an extremely significant predictive effect on sex. The content of 2,3-octanedione differed significantly between male and female snails, making it a key contributor to their flavor divergence. These findings provide scientific support for flavor optimization, standardization, and new product development of Luosifen.

Key words: Bellamya purificata, gender differences, flavor substances, multiple linear regression analysis

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