欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (16): 1-6.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0059

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

大兴安岭南麓不同施肥处理对大豆农艺性状及产量的影响

白虎杰1(), 赵晓宇1, 刘坤雨1, 陈广平2, 高圆丽1, 吴娟1, 王雪娇1, 宏迪2, 董宇恒1, 鄂丽丽2, 唐存喜2, 李强1()   

  1. 1 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院， 呼和浩特 010013
    2 莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗农业技术推广中心， 内蒙古呼伦贝尔 162850
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-20 修回日期:2026-04-07 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
  • 通讯作者:
    李强，男，1982年出生，内蒙古巴彦淖尔人，研究员，博士，主要从事大豆栽培与育种。通信地址：010031 内蒙古呼和浩特市玉泉区昭君路22号 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院玉米研究所，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    白虎杰，男，1998年出生，内蒙古锡林郭勒盟人，硕士，主要从事大豆栽培与育种。通信地址：010031 内蒙古呼和浩特市玉泉区昭君路22号 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院玉米研究所，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“寒地生物育种新品种选育及高产高效栽培技术研究”(2023DXZD0001); 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“优质、高产、多抗、早熟大豆种质资源创新与新品种选育”(2026YFDZ0126); 内蒙古自治区科技重大专项“高油高蛋白高产大豆新品种培育与示范应用”(2026ZD0071); 国家重点研发计划项目“东北西部春玉米、大豆机械化绿色丰产增效技术研发及集成示范”(2023YFD2301804); 内蒙古自然基金项目“大豆蛋白质含量关键调控基因克隆及高蛋白种质创新”(2026ZD042); 内蒙古自然基金项目“植物内生菌Pseudomonas sp. B5提高大豆根腐病抗性的机制研究”(2026QC0730); 内蒙古自然基金项目“大豆miR171q-SCL15模块响应硼胁迫的分子机制与功能研究”(2026QC0737); 内蒙古育种联种攻关项目(YZ2023005); 中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“特色加工专用大豆新品种引进转化及配套标准化生产技术示范”(2024ZY0136); 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院基本科研业务费项目“大豆新品种选育及配套栽培技术研究与示范”(JBYWF2025-YFGG07); 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院青年创新基金“根际促生细菌提高大豆盐碱耐受性的微生物机制”(2025QNJJN05); 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院青年创新基金“大豆gma-miR171q的硼响应机制研究”(2025QNJJN03); 内蒙古自治区本级引进人才科研支持项目“miRNA调控大豆花序硼缺乏响应的分子机理研究”; 2026年内蒙古自治区大豆产业技术体系

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Soybeans in Southern Foothills of Greater Khingan Range

BAI Hujie1(), ZHAO Xiaoyu1, LIU Kunyu1, CHEN Guangping2, GAO Yuanli1, WU Juan1, WANG Xuejiao1, HONG Di2, DONG Yuheng1, E Lili2, TANG Cunxi2, LI Qiang1()   

  1. 1 Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010013
    2 Agricultural Technology Extension Centre, Molidawa Daur Autonomous Banner, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia 162850
  • Received:2026-01-20 Revised:2026-04-07 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-08-20

RichHTML

1

PDF (PC)

7

摘要：

为探明增施微藻营养液和微生物菌剂对大兴安岭南麓大豆生长及产量的影响，2023—2024年于内蒙古莫旗尼尔基镇小莫丁村大豆产业园区，以当地主栽品种‘蒙科豆23’为试验试材，设置常规施肥(CK)、常规施肥+微藻营养液(ALG)、常规施肥+微生物菌剂(ARC)、常规施肥+微藻营养液+微生物菌剂(ALG+ARC) 4个处理，系统研究不同施肥模式对大豆农艺性状、根瘤菌数量、籽粒品质及产量的影响。结果表明：2年间，ALG+ARC处理与CK相比可显著提升大豆株高(8.41%)和主茎节数(8.71%)，显著降低底荚高度(7.07%) (P<0.05)；ALG+ARC处理下大豆根瘤数量达92个，较CK提升33.33%，并显著增加了根瘤干重和干物质含量(P<0.05)，从而大幅增强了植株的固氮能力；在籽粒品质方面，ALG+ARC处理显著提高了籽粒蛋白(40.58%)和脂肪(20.51%)的含量，均显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)；产量方面，百粒重增至19.85 g，产量达2919.75 kg/hm²，较CK增产10.45%，增产效果显著优于ALG (4.65%)和ARC (5.64%)单施处理(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示，大豆产量与百粒重、有效株数、根瘤菌数、主茎节数、株高、全生育期呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)，与底荚高度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。综上，常规施肥与微藻营养液及微生物菌剂的协同施用，能够有效提升大兴安岭南麓大豆的固氮能力、籽粒品质及产量，是该区域实现大豆绿色高产的一种优质且可持续施肥模式。

关键词: 大豆, 微藻营养液, 微生物菌剂, 农艺性状, 产量

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of supplementary microalgal nutrient solutions and microbial inoculants on growth and yield of soybean in the southern foothills of the Greater Khingan Range, a study was conducted from 2023 to 2024 at the soybean industrial park in Xiaomoding Village, Nierji Town, Moqi Banner, Inner Mongolia. ‘Mengke Dou 23’, a locally predominant soybean cultivar, was used as the experimental material. Four treatments were established: conventional fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization + microalgal nutrient solution (ALG), conventional fertilization + microbial agent (ARC), and conventional fertilization + microalgal nutrient solution + microbial agent (ALG+ARC). The study systematically examined the effects of these fertilization regimes on soybean agronomic traits, rhizobium abundance, seed quality, and yield. Results from the two-year experiment indicated that, compared to CK, the ALG+ARC treatment significantly increased soybean plant height by 8.41% and the number of main stem nodes by 8.71%, while significantly reducing pod height by 7.07% (P<0.05). Under the ALG+ARC treatment, the soybean root nodule count reached 92 per plant, representing a 33.33% increase compared with CK. Root nodule dry weight and plant dry matter accumulation were also significantly higher than those in other treatments (P<0.05), indicating a marked enhancement in nitrogen-fixing capacity. Grain protein and fat contents reached 40.58% and 20.51%, respectively, both of which were significantly higher than those in other treatments (P<0.05). The 100-seed weight increased to 19.85 g, and the yield reached 2919.75 kg/hm², representing a 10.45% increase compared with CK. This yield enhancement was significantly superior to that of the single-application treatments (ALG: 4.65%; ARC: 5.64%) (P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that soybean yield exhibited extremely significant positive correlations (P<0.01) with 100-seed weight, effective plant number, rhizobium count, number of main stem nodes, plant height, and total growth period, while showing an extremely significant negative correlation (P<0.01) with pod base height. Supplementing conventional fertilization with microalgal nutrient solutions and microbial inoculants synergistically enhances the nitrogen-fixing capacity, grain quality, and yield of soybeans cultivated in the southern foothills of the Greater Khingan Range. This provides an optimal fertilization strategy for achieving environmentally sustainable and high-yield soybean production in this region.

Key words: soybean, microalgal nutrient solution, microbial inoculant, agronomic traits, yield

中图分类号: