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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 92-96.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0894

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

缺钾胁迫对枸杞幼苗生长及抗氧化特性的影响

程凡一(), 周启轩, 兰凌恺, 张若曦, 尹一迪, 侯博寒, 多良玉, 顾嘉庚, 姚奕铎, 张梓烁, 郎徐平   

  1. 北京市中关村中学知春分校， 北京 100086
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-31 修回日期:2026-02-25 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 作者简介:

    程凡一，女，1997年出生，山东人，二级教师，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为生物教学。通信地址：100086 北京市海淀区知春东里12号中关村中学知春分校，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    北京市海淀区教育教学改革专项课题“科技教育人才一体化培养背景下学校课程教学质量提升”(39372)

Effects of Potassium Deficiency Stress on Growth and Antioxidant Characteristics in Lycium barbarum Seedlings

CHENG Fanyi(), ZHOU Qixuan, LAN Lingkai, ZHANG Ruoxi, YIN Yidi, HOU Bohan, DUO Liangyu, GU Jiageng, YAO Yiduo, ZHANG Zishuo, LANG Xuping   

  1. Zhichun Branch, Beijing Zhongguancun Middle School, Beijing 100086
  • Received:2025-10-31 Revised:2026-02-25 Published:2026-04-15 Online:2026-04-15

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摘要：

台湾枸杞钾肥管理存在缺乏科学依据的问题。为揭示缺钾胁迫对其幼苗生长及抗氧化特性的影响，解析钾营养的生理机制，以40日龄台湾枸杞幼苗为材料，设置正常钾(CK)和缺钾2个处理，测定28 d后幼苗农艺性状、生物量、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、丙二醛含量及超氧化物歧化酶活性。结果表明：缺钾胁迫导致台湾枸杞幼苗叶片黄化干枯，株高、叶展幅显著降低(P<0.001)，根长显著增加(P<0.001)，表现出形态上的适应与胁迫响应。根冠比从0.058升至0.169，地上部与地下部干鲜重均显著下降；叶绿素a、叶绿素b及总叶绿素含量略有降低，但差异不显著(P>0.05)；植株体内可溶性糖含量显著升高[缺钾处理14.307 mg/(g·FW)、CK处理12.184 mg/(g·FW)，P<0.001]，丙二醛含量显著升高[缺钾处理276.039 nmol/(g·FW)、CK处理207.099 nmol/(g·FW)，P<0.001]，超氧化物歧化酶活性显著下降[缺钾处理171.412 U/g、CK处理211.718 U/g，P<0.001]。钾缺乏通过加剧活性氧积累影响细胞膜稳定性，并抑制次生代谢过程。研究认为，缺钾胁迫通过诱导氧化应激并削弱抗氧化防御，抑制台湾枸杞地上部生长并降低生物量积累，“抑地上、促地下”是其逆境适应策略。本研究可为台湾枸杞科学钾肥管理提供理论依据，未来可设置钾浓度梯度、延长试验周期，深入解析其响应缺钾胁迫的分子机制。

关键词: 枸杞, 缺钾, 生长, 农艺性状, 抗氧化, 丙二醛, 超氧化物歧化酶

Abstract:

To address the lack of scientific basis for potassium fertilizer management of Lycium barbarum var. formosanum, in order to reveal the effects of potassium deficiency stress on seedling growth and antioxidant characteristics, and to analyze the physiological mechanism of potassium nutrition, 40-day-old Lycium barbarum var. formosanum seedlings were used as materials, and two treatments of normal potassium (CK) and potassium deficiency were set up. The agronomic traits, biomass, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of seedlings were measured after 28 days. The results showed that potassium deficiency caused leaf yellowing or browning at the edges and tips, significantly reduced plant height and leaf spread, but significantly increased root length (P<0.001). The root-shoot ratio increased from 0.058 to 0.169, and the dry and fresh weight of the aboveground and underground parts decreased significantly. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll decreased slightly, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The content of soluble sugar in plants was significantly increased (potassium deficiency 14.307 mg/(g·FW), CK 12.184 mg/(g·FW), P<0.001), the content of MDA was significantly increased (potassium deficiency 276.039 nmol/(g·FW), CK 207.099 nmol/(g·FW), P<0.001), and the activity of superoxide dismutase SOD was significantly decreased (potassium deficiency 171.412 U/g, CK 211.718 U/g, P<0.001). Potassium deficiency affects cell membrane stability and inhibits secondary metabolic processes by aggravating the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The results showed that potassium deficiency stress inhibited the shoot growth and reduced biomass accumulation of Lycium barbarum var. formosanum by inducing oxidative stress and weakening antioxidant defense. ‘Suppressing the ground and promoting the underground’ was its stress adaptation strategy. This study provides a theoretical basis for the scientific potassium fertilizer management of Lycium barbarum var. formosanum. In the future, potassium concentration gradient can be set, the test cycle can be extended, and the molecular mechanism of its response to potassium deficiency stress can be deeply analyzed.

Key words: Lycium barbarum, potassium deficiency, growth, agronomic traits, antioxidant, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD)