欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 48-54.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0631

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮肥用量对温室栽培茄衣烟株生长发育和烟叶品质的影响

赵成坤1(), 陈亮1, 时向东2, 李蒙旭2, 吕尚举2, 曹缠华2, 丁松爽2, 杨占伟1()   

  1. 1 福建省烟草公司南平市公司， 福建南平 354200
    2 河南农业大学烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地/烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室， 郑州 450046
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-25 修回日期:2026-02-25 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者:
    杨占伟，男，1979年出生，农艺师，主要从事烟草生产技术的研究和推广工作。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    赵成坤，男，1987年出生，农艺师，硕士，主要从事烟叶生产技术管理及烟草栽培基础研究工作。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    福建省烟草公司南平市公司科技计划项目“武夷山温室生产茄衣关键技术研究”(南烟叶[2023]10号)

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates on Growth and Development of Cigar Wrapper Tobacco and Quality of Tobacco Leaves in Greenhouse Cultivation

ZHAO Chengkun1(), CHEN Liang1, SHI Xiangdong2, LI Mengxu2, LYU Shangju2, CAO Chanhua2, DING Songshuang2, YANG Zhanwei1()   

  1. 1 Nanping Tobacco Company, Nanping, Fujian 354200
    2 College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou 450046
  • Received:2025-07-25 Revised:2026-02-25 Published:2026-04-15 Online:2026-04-15

RichHTML

1

PDF (PC)

3

摘要：

为探究不同氮肥用量对温室茄衣烟株生长发育和烟叶品质的影响，以‘海研101’为材料，设置150 kg/hm2(N1)、165 kg/hm2(N2)、180 kg/hm2(N3)3个施氮水平，探讨不同氮肥施用量对温室茄衣烟株农艺性状、干物质积累及调制发酵后中部叶外观质量、物理特性、化学成分及感官质量的影响。结果表明，随着氮肥用量的增加，烟株株高逐渐增加，茎围逐渐变粗，叶片逐渐增大；根、茎、叶干物质积累量逐渐增加，叶干物质积累量占整株的比例逐渐增加；茄衣烟叶的身份、油分、颜色均匀度、支脉粗细和青杂分值先升高后降低；叶长、叶宽、单叶重和平衡含水率先升高后降低，而叶厚、拉力、叶质重和含梗率逐渐升高；总氮、烟碱、淀粉、蛋白质含量显著升高，总糖、还原糖含量先升高后降低；香气质、甜润感、燃烧性等分值先升高后降低。在温室栽培条件下，氮肥用量为165 kg/hm2的茄衣烟叶表现出较为理想的外观质量、物理特性、化学成分及感官评价结果，符合茄衣质量标准。本研究为武夷山及相似生态区温室茄衣优质生产提供了科学依据，未来可进一步开展氮肥与其他养分的协同效应及氮素代谢调控机制研究。

关键词: 氮肥用量, 温室栽培, 茄衣, 生长发育, 烟叶品质, 干物质积累, 感官质量

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the growth and development of greenhouse-grown cigar wrapper tobacco and the quality of the cured leaves, three nitrogen application levels were set: 150 kg/hm2 (N1), 165 kg/hm2 (N2), and 180 kg/hm2 (N3). Using ‘Haiyan 101’ as test material, the study examined the impact of these treatments on agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation, and the post-curing quality of the middle leaves, including their appearance, physical properties, chemical composition, and sensory evaluation. Results showed that as the nitrogen application rate increased, the plant height gradually increased, the stem circumference thickened, and the leaves expanded; the accumulation of dry matter in roots, stems, and leaves also increased, with the proportion of dry matter in the leaves increasing relative to the whole plant; the identity, oil content, color uniformity, vein thickness, and green impurity index of the wrapper leaves initially increased and then decreased; the leaf length, width, single-leaf weight, and balanced moisture content first increased and then decreased, while the leaf thickness, pull strength, leaf density, and stem content gradually increased; the contents of total nitrogen, nicotine, starch, and protein significantly increased, whereas the total sugar and reducing sugar contents first increased and then decreased; the aroma quality, sweetness, and burning characteristics initially improved and then declined. Under greenhouse cultivation conditions, the wrapper leaves treated with 165 kg/hm2 of nitrogen exhibited desirable appearance, physical properties, chemical composition, and sensory evaluation, meeting the quality standards for cigar wrapper tobacco. Therefore, it is recommended that 165 kg/hm2 should be considered as the optimal nitrogen application rate for greenhouse-grown cigar wrapper tobacco. This study provides a scientific basis for the high-quality production of greenhouse-grown cigar wrapper tobacco in Wuyishan and similar ecological areas. In the future, the synergistic effect of nitrogen fertilizer and other nutrients and the regulation mechanism of nitrogen metabolism can be further studied.

Key words: nitrogen application rate, greenhouse cultivation, cigar wrapper, growth and development, tobacco leaf quality, dry matter accumulation, sensory quality