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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 204-209.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0600

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

皖南烟区烤烟中部叶化学成分与感官质量关系研究

高琴1(), 陈欢欢2, 朱启法1, 夏浩2, 余飞2, 沈嘉2, 姜超强2()   

  1. 1 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司, 安徽宣城 242000
    2 安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所, 合肥 230001
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-16 修回日期:2026-03-16 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者:
    姜超强,男,1980年出生,广西贵港人,研究员,博士,主要从事植物营养与作物栽培、土壤保育和施肥技术领域研究。通信地址:230001 合肥市庐阳区农科南路40号 安徽省农业科学院,Tel:0551-65148978,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    高琴,女,1987年出生,安徽宣城人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟草生产技术研究与推广工作。通信地址:242000 安徽省宣城市宣州区城区烟站,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司项目“基于光谱技术的田间烟叶质量评价系统构建与应用”(WNYY-0563-202401005)

Study on Relationship Between Chemical Composition and Sensory Quality of Tobacco Middle Leaves in Southern Anhui Tobacco Area

GAO Qin1(), CHEN Huanhuan2, ZHU Qifa1, XIA Hao2, YU Fei2, SHEN Jia2, JIANG Chaoqiang2()   

  1. 1 Anhui Wannan Tobacco Company, Xuancheng, Anhui 242000
    2 Institute of Industrial Crops, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001
  • Received:2025-07-16 Revised:2026-03-16 Published:2026-04-15 Online:2026-04-15

摘要:

为明确皖南烟区初烤中部烟叶(C3F)品质特征,定向提升烟叶质量,2024年采集该区域95份代表性样品。通过烟叶常规化学成分测定和感官质量评价,采用相关性分析与随机森林模型,解析化学成分和感官质量的关系,以及影响感官质量的主要化学成分。结果表明,皖南中部烟叶呈“高糖(总糖含量38.33%、还原糖含量29.72%)、中烟碱(1.08%)、低氯(0.13%)”特征,烟碱、氯离子变异系数大(CV>20%);感官总分平均值73.00分,整体优良稳定(CV=4.83%),香气质、细腻度、余味表现突出,但浓度、劲头偏弱。相关性分析显示,烟碱与总氮显著正相关,与总糖、还原糖显著负相关;烟碱、总氮均与干燥感显著正相关。烟碱(贡献度21.15%)、总氮(贡献度18.46%)是影响感官总分的核心因子,累计贡献度达39.61%。研究认为,皖南中部烟叶品质整体优良,但烟碱偏低、氯离子不足,优化氮素运筹与烟碱调控、适度补氯是提升感官质量的关键。本研究可为皖南烟区精准栽培、科学施肥与烘烤工艺优化提供数据支撑,未来可结合多年定位与代谢组学深化碳氮代谢调控机制研究。

关键词: 皖南烟区, 中部烟叶, 化学成分, 感官质量, 相关性分析

Abstract:

To clarify the quality characteristics of flue-cured tobacco middle leaves (C3F) in southern Anhui tobacco-growing areas, 95 representative samples were collected in 2024. By determining routine chemical components and evaluating sensory quality, this study analyzed the relationship between chemical composition and sensory attributes, identified key chemical components affecting sensory quality using correlation analysis and random forest model, and provided guidance for targeted quality improvement. Results showed that the tobacco leaves exhibited the characteristics of high sugar (total sugar 38.33%, reducing sugar 29.72%), medium alkalinity (nicotine 1.08%), and low chloride (chloride ion 0.13%). Nicotine and chloride contents varied significantly (CV>20%). The mean sensory evaluation score was 73.00, indicating overall high and stable quality (CV=4.83%), with outstanding aroma quality, smoothness, and aftertaste, but relatively weak concentration and impact. Correlation analysis revealed that nicotine was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen, and negatively correlated with total sugar and reducing sugar. Nicotine (contribution: 21.15%) and total nitrogen (contribution: 18.46%) were the primary chemical components influencing the total sensory score, both showing significant positive correlations with dry sensation, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 39.61%. In conclusion, the quality of middle tobacco leaves in southern Anhui is generally good, but the nicotine is low and the chloride ion is insufficient. Optimizing nitrogen management and nicotine regulation, and moderate chlorine supplementation are crucial for enhancing sensory quality. This study provides data support for precision cultivation, scientific fertilization and curing process optimization in southern Anhui tobacco area. In the future, the research on the regulation mechanism of carbon and nitrogen metabolism can be deepened in combination with multi-year positioning and metabolomics.

Key words: southern Anhui tobacco-growing area, middle tobacco leaves, chemical components, sensory quality, correlation analysis